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arXiv:1711.05421 · IEEE Communications Magazine

Physical Layer Security Schemes for Full-Duplex Cooperative Systems: State of the Art and Beyond

Binh Van Nguyen, Hyoyoung Jung, Kiseon Kim

Published Apr 13, 2018• 51 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

As an alternative to complex cryptographic techniques, PLS is emerging as a promising paradigm to protect wireless communication systems from eavesdropping attacks by exploiting the physical characteristics of the wireless channels. Among various PLS approaches, the one based on cooperative communication is favorable and has received a lot of interest from the research community. Although PLS schemes with half-duplex relays have been extensively researched, the issue of PLS in cooperative systems with full-duplex (FD) relays is far from being comprehensively understood. In this article, we first present the state of the art on PLS approaches proposed for FD cooperative systems. We then provide a case study in which a source-based jamming scheme is proposed to enhance the secrecy performance of a cooperative system with an untrusted FD relay. Finally, we outline several interesting yet challenging future research problems in this topic.

DOI
10.1109/mcom.2017.1700588

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As an alternative to complex cryptographic techniques, PLS is emerging as a promising paradigm to protect wireless communication systems from eavesdropping attacks by exploiting the physical characteristics of the wireless channels. Among various PLS approaches, the one based on cooperative communication is favorable and has received a lot of interest from the research community. Although PLS schemes with half-duplex relays have been extensively researched, the issue of PLS in cooperative systems with full-duplex (FD) relays is far from being comprehensively understood. In this article, we first present the state of the art on PLS approaches proposed for FD cooperative systems. We then provide a case study in which a source-based jamming scheme is proposed to enhance the secrecy performance of a cooperative system with an untrusted FD relay. Finally, we outline several interesting yet challenging future research problems in this topic.
Physical layer security (PLS) has been extensively explored as an alternative to conventional cryptographic schemes for securing wireless links. Many studies have shown that the cooperation between the legitimate nodes of a network can significantly enhance their secret communications performance, relative to the noncooperative case. Motivated by the importance of this class of PLS systems, this paper provides a comprehensive survey of the recent works on cooperative relaying and jamming techniques for securing wireless transmissions against eavesdropping nodes, which attempt to intercept the transmissions. First, it provides a in-depth overview of various secure relaying strategies and schemes. Next, a review of recently proposed solutions for cooperative jamming techniques is provided with an emphasis on power allocation and beamforming techniques. Then, the latest developments in hybrid techniques, which use both cooperative relaying and jamming, are elaborated. Finally, several key challenges in the domain of cooperative security are presented along with an extensive discussion on the applications of cooperative security in key enablers for 5G communications, such as nonorthogonal multiple access, device-to-device communications, and massive multiple-input multiple-output systems.
The Basic concept of Physical Layer Security (PLS) is to the Transmission of Secured messages over a wireless channel without depending on higher-layer encryption in the presence of unwarranted eavesdroppers. PLS is a one simple option to complicated cryptography. To address the spectral efficiency (SE) loss caused by half-duplex, full-duplex (FD) has received a lot of attention When compared to HD, FD can almost double the SE. For upcoming 5G wireless networks, security is a major concern. As a result, study on Physical Layer security for multiuser networks is becoming increasingly important. Even so, two-hop FD Relay PLS Schemes had to be investigated.
The open broadcast nature of the wireless networks makes it vulnerable to the eavesdropper attacks. The physical layer security (PLS) is a grown research field that exploits the characteristics of the physical wireless channel to prevent the eavesdropper interruptions and attacks. The use of the cooperative relay transmission is a method to approach the physical layer security. This paper studies the secrecy performance metrics of the half-duplex two-way multi-relaying technique. A cooperative jamming protocol is proposed to enhance the physical layer security, where the destination sends jamming signals to the eavesdropper node to degrade its channel capacity. However, the relays can act as a jammer and send jamming signals to the eavesdropper node. Moreover, Simulations of the performance metrics namely the secrecy capacity (Cs) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) applied on the technique are presented and discussed to measure the secrecy level of the proposed technique compared with an existing technique namely half-duplex one-way multi-relaying technique. Based on simulations and discussions the proposed technique outperforms the existing technique in term of secrecy performance.
Broadcasting in wireless channels causes security vulnerabilities since both the intended receiver and the eavesdropper may receive the information. Physical layer security (PLS) ensures the confidentiality of information transmitted wireless medium, even in the presence of eavesdroppers, without relying on cryptographic techniques implemented at higher layers. A PLS method for cooperative relay based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with optimal relay selection and power optimization is proposed. In order to increase the overall system’s secrecy rate, a hybrid relaying and water filling based optimal power allocation is performed for multi-relay assisted OFDM-based wireless networks. By changing the eavesdroppers’ distances, the performance efficiency of the proposed system is verified. The analysis is carried out for both Full Duplex (FD) and Half Duplex (HD) systems and their performances are compared with existing equal power allocation technique. The proposed method combines relay selection and novel power optimization process to improve secrecy rate than the existing power allocation methods for both HD and FD systems.
This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a full-duplex relaying (FDR) system with a full-duplex (FD) receiver. A novel cooperative jamming protocol is proposed to improve physical layer security, where the FD receiver sends interference to the eavesdropper to degrade its received signal-to-noise ratio when receiving signals from the relay and the source. Taking the residual self-interference (RSI) at both the relay and the FD receiver into consideration, the expressions of secrecy outage probability of the system are derived, where two independent behaviors of the relay toward the jamming signal are considered, 1) the jamming signal from the FD receiver is recognized as an interference at the relay; and 2) the jamming signal is priori known at the relay. Simulation results verified the correctness of the derived expressions and the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. It is demonstrated that the secrecy performance of the system can be significantly enhanced and the gain in terms of the decreased secrecy outage probability becomes more evident in case that the RSI is somewhat low when the proposed protocol is used.
Physical Layer Security (PLS) provides a promising complementary approach to cryptographic methods for protecting wireless communications from eavesdropping. This paper investigates secrecy enhancement through cooperative relaying and jamming in a wireless network with two legitimate users, one eavesdropper, and five potential relay nodes operating in amplify-and-forward mode. Three relay–jammer selection strategies are considered: random relay and jammer selection, best-SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) relay with random jammer selection, and best-SNR relay with a jammer chosen based on the strongest channel toward the eavesdropper. The secrecy performance of these strategies are evaluated in terms of secrecy rate and secrecy outage probability. The results demonstrate that intelligent relay and jammer selection can significantly improve PLS compared to random selection, highlighting the benefits of cooperation in secure wireless systems.