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Intellectual Archive

STOE Plenum Is Real

John Hodge

Published Jun 22, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The “plenum” in the Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) is the component of the universe that is a continuous medium that interacts with matter particles. Because a medium is not directly detected in instruments, the question of its reality is controversial. This is linked with the question of whether quantum waves are real waves in the plenum or merely probability waves. The experiment to demonstrate the reality of the plenum as a component of the universe has been done. The conclusion is that the plenum is a real component of the universe.

DOI
10.32370/ia_2023_06_2

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The “plenum” in the Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) is the component of the universe that is a continuous medium that interacts with matter particles. Because a medium is not directly detected in instruments, the question of its reality is controversial. This is linked with the question of whether quantum waves are real waves in the plenum or merely probability waves. The experiment to demonstrate the reality of the plenum as a component of the universe has been done. The conclusion is that the plenum is a real component of the universe.
The interpretation of Young's double slit experiment of diffraction and interference remains controversial. The Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) model of single photon diffraction is a model with photons being directed by plenum forces as Newton speculated. The STOE simulation of the light diffraction experiments produces the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern on the screen. An experiment used an image resulting from a single slit projected onto a second mask. If the second mask slit is placed at the center of the image, a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is projected onto the screen. One side of a slit in the minima examined the result of varying the intensity of the illumination across the slit. One slit of two in the minima examined the result of only one of the double slits being illuminated. The resultant patterns on a screen were photographed and are on the opposite side of center from the illuminated side of the second mask. The STOE simulation reproduced the images. The STOE explains several quantum peculiarities with classical processes. These observations do not reject the Newtonian model of diffraction and does reject wave models.
The Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) model of single photon diffraction is a model with photons being directed by plenum forces along their trajectory (http://intellectualarchive.com/ ?link=item\&id=1557). By setting initial conditions in a simulation, predictions of screen patterns can be made. Changing the altitude produces a change in the width of the pattern. Using a pattern resulting from a single slit, a second mask can examine the result of varying the intensity of the illumination across the slit and of only one of the double slits being illuminated. The resultant patterns on a screen were photographed and are on the opposite side of center from the illuminated side of the second mask. The STOE is consistent and all other models of diffraction are inconsistent with these results.
The Hodge Experiment was designed to support the Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) particle model of the photon. It also rejected the wave models of light. The general model of light waves within the Hodge Experiment's conditions is shown to lead to unobserved effects. It also provides an insight into inertia. The STOE model of particles and the wave model of a continuous medium yield indistinguishable results for the screen image in the traditional diffraction experiment. Therefore, the Hodge Experiment provides a method to distinguish between a direct wave caused diffraction pattern and a particle caused diffraction pattern that resolves the wave--particle duality conundrum.
Interference experiments with only one photon in the experiment at a time have also showed interference patterns. A previous paper that studied photon diffraction and interference (IntellectualArchive, Vol.1, No. 3, P. 20, ISSN 1929-4700, Toronto, July 2012.) required several photons in the experiment at the same time. The Scalar Theory of Everything (STOE) model of photon, plenum, screen and mask; the Bohm Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics; and the Transaction Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics are combined. The speed of the plenum wave is much faster than the speed of photons/light. The reverse wave required by the Transaction Interpretation is provided by a reflected plenum wave rather than a reverse time wave. The photon distribution on a screen results in an intensity pattern well fit by the Fraunhofer diffraction equation. The resultant mathematical model corresponds to the Fraunhofer mathematical model without the peculiar assumptions.
The answer lies right in front of us, but we refuse to see it. Both relativity and quantum theory, the two pillars of fundamental physics, are modified in this paper to make them also explain the physical phenomena they describe. With this explanation, all current inconsistencies between the two vanish. The modifications relate to the presence of a medium, which is in fact potential energy, in three-dimensional space. This medium acts as a reference system, in accordance with Mach’s principle. The speed of light, therefore, is not absolute but relative to the medium and thus to the observer. It is also dependent on medium density. Quantum waves are real scalar waves occurring in the potential energy medium, not probabilities of particles being present. Real scalar quantum waves in three-dimensional space make up the whole of physics representing manifest energy. Particles therefore do not exist; they are local manifestations of real scalar quantum waves. As a result, the Doppler effect and wave interference play a central role in physics. Moreover, the dependence of quantum wave velocity (speed of light) on medium density provides the energy exchange mechanism that is central to physics because all physical phenomena, including observation, concern energy exchange, or interaction. The conceptual simplicity of the model of physics proposed in this paper is shown to clarify a series of paradoxes and ill-understood phenomena at the fundamental level of physics such as wave-particle duality, the twins paradox, and the double slit experiment. As to entanglement, superposition, and nonlocality, the model implies that only weak versions of these properties exist.