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Optics Letters

Generating six pairs of bandwidth-expanded entangled sideband modes via time delay compensation

Shaoping Shi, Yimiao Wu, Li Gao, Li-ang Zheng, Long Tian, Yajun Wang, Wei Li, Yaohui Zheng

Published May 15, 2023• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum entanglement is an important pillar of quantum information processing. In addition to the entanglement degree, the bandwidth of entangled states becomes another focus of quantum communication. Here, by virtue of a broadband frequency-dependent beam splitter, we experimentally demonstrate six pairs of independent entangled sideband modes with maximum entanglement degree of 8.1 dB. Utilizing a time delay compensation scheme, the bandwidth of independent entangled sideband modes is expanded to dozens of megahertz. This work provides a valuable resource to implement efficient quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1364/ol.493217

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Quantum entanglement is an important pillar of quantum information processing. In addition to the entanglement degree, the bandwidth of entangled states becomes another focus of quantum communication. Here, by virtue of a broadband frequency-dependent beam splitter, we experimentally demonstrate six pairs of independent entangled sideband modes with maximum entanglement degree of 8.1 dB. Utilizing a time delay compensation scheme, the bandwidth of independent entangled sideband modes is expanded to dozens of megahertz. This work provides a valuable resource to implement efficient quantum information processing.
A squeezed state is one of the most vital quantum resources in quantum information processing. The extensive attention has increasingly shifted to not only the squeezed degree but also the squeezed bandwidth in quantum precise measurement. Here, we demonstrate the generation of a bandwidth-tunable squeezed state by exploiting the entangled sideband modes and the postprocessing scheme, with the quantum noise reduction of $8.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3$ dB across a wide frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 MHz. Moreover, the bandwidth and rotation frequency can be conveniently manipulated in the whole frequency range according to the application requirement. There is no doubt that the demonstration will open up some potential applications about squeezed-state interaction with atoms.
We report a control scheme of entangled sideband modes without coherent amplitude by employing a frequency-comb-type seed beam. In this scheme, each tooth of the frequency comb serves as a control field for the corresponding downconversion mode. Consequently, all the degrees of freedom can be actively controlled, and the entanglement degrees are higher than 6.7 dB for two pairs of sidebands. We believe that this scheme provides a simple solution for the control of sideband modes, which could be further applied to achieve compact channel multiplexing quantum communications.
Channel multiplexing quantum communication based on exploiting continuous-variable entanglement of optical modes offers great potential to enhance channel capacity and save quantum resource. Here, we present a frequency-comb-type control scheme for simultaneously extracting a lot of entangled sideband modes with arbitrary frequency detuning from a squeezed state of light. We experimentally demonstrate fourfold channel multiplexing quantum dense coding communication by exploiting the extracted four pairs of entangled sideband modes. Due to high entanglement and wide frequency separation between each entangled pairs, these quantum channels have large channel capacity and the cross talking effect can be avoided. The achieved channel capacities have surpassed that of all classical and quantum communication under the same bandwidth published so far. The presented scheme can be extended to more channels if more entangled sideband modes are extracted.
In this paper we investigate the squeezing of a finite-bandwidth optical field which may be thought of as originating from Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen- (EPR-) like quantum correlations between the upper and lower sidebands. Ordinarily, when EPR pairs are created from such a resource, the bandwidth is preserved, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the quadrature correlations is reduced. Here we show that by using frequency-dependent beam splitters we may create N EPR pairs from a single finite-bandwidth squeezed beam with no reduction in the correlations's signal-to-noise ratio. However, the bandwidth is reduced by a factor of N relative to the original squeezed beam. Because this transformation is linear it may be inverted to retrieve the single squeezed beam from the corresponding N EPR pairs.
Quantum communication network scales point-to-point quantum communication protocols to more than two detached parties, which would permit a wide variety of quantum communication applications. Here, we demonstrate a fully-connected quantum communication network, exploiting three pairs of Einstein—Podolsky—Rosen (EPR) entangled sideband modes, with high degree entanglement of 8.0 dB, 7.6 dB, and 7.2 dB. Each sideband modes from a squeezed field are spatially separated by demultiplexing operation, then recombining into new group according to network requirement. Each group of sideband modes are distributed to one of the parties via a single physical path, making sure each pair of parties build their own private communication links with high channel capacity better than any classical scheme.
A single broadband squeezed field constitutes a quantum communication resource that is sufficient for the realization of a large number NNN of quantum channels based on distributed Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled states. Each channel can serve as a resource for, for example, independent quantum key distribution or teleportation protocols. NNN-fold channel multiplexing can be realized by accessing 2N2N2N squeezed modes at different Fourier frequencies. We report on the experimental implementation of the N=1N=1N=1 case through the interference of two squeezed states, extracted from a single broadband squeezed field, and demonstrate all techniques required for multiplexing (N>1N>1N>1). Quantum channel frequency multiplexing can be used to optimize the exploitation of a broadband squeezed field in a quantum information task. For instance, it is useful if the bandwidth of the squeezed field is larger than the bandwidth of the homodyne detectors. This is currently a typical situation in many experiments with squeezed and two-mode squeezed entangled light.