Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physics World

Muons used for cryptography system

Edwin Cartlidge

Published Mar 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new scheme that encodes and decodes messages using the random arrival of cosmic-ray muons could be more secure than other cryptographic systems. Edwin Cartlidge reports.
DOI
10.1088/2058-7058/36/03/05

Related papers

Refining Quantum Cryptography

Richard Hughes, J. E. Nordholt

Recent hacking efforts on quantum cryptography systems have resulted in new approaches for more secure communication networks.

Science•Sep 16, 2011•26 citations

Cosmic muon arrival directions as a source of entropy

Deepak Samuel

Abstract We demonstrate, for the first time, that the arrival directions of cosmic-ray muons from a muon telescope provide a measurable source of physical entropy. Using six months of data collected from a muon telescope, the local zenith and azimuth angles were used for randomness extraction. The result of this study show that each cosmic muon track from our detector can generate upto 4 bits with an entropy of 0.999182 bits/bit with a maximum bit rate of roughly 650 bits/s which can possibly be enhanced by improving the detector size and angular resolution. The suggested technique can be potentially used as a random number generator required for closing the settings-independence loophole in the tests for violations of Bell's inequality. The data acquisition, data reduction, and conditioning algorithms are discussed in detail.

arXiv:2608.24729•Sep 18, 2026•0 citations

Cosmic coding and transfer for ultra high security near-field communications

Hiroyuki K. M. TANAKA

By using true random number (TRN) generators, encoding with the highest security can be realized. However, a completely secure strategy to transfer these TRNs has not yet been devised. Quantum key distribution (QKD) has attempted to establish secure key distribution methodology of this kind; however, several quantum cracking strategies have been predicted and experimentally demonstrated. In this work, COSMOCAT was invented as a solution for next-generation ultrahigh security near-field communications. With COSMOCAT, TRNs are generated from naturally occurring and ubiquitous cosmic-ray muons and the generated cosmic keys are distributed by these muons with an unprecedented level of security. The successful results of this experiment indicate that our prototype and the new key-generation-and-distribution standard can be utilized for practical encoding and near-field data transfer at rates of 10-100 Mbps. It is anticipated that COSMOCAT will be one of key techniques for future high security, near-field communication management.

iScience•Jan 4, 2023•11 citations

Foiling Quantum Hackers

Hoi‐Kwong Lo

Researchers have implemented a new quantum encryption method that, in principle, may provide the ultimate security against hackers in real-world cryptography applications.

Physics•Sep 23, 2013•0 citations

Counting weapons – without counting

Edwin Cartlidge

A new technique allows warheads to be authenticated without giving away any details about them, as Edwin Cartlidge reports.

Physics World•Aug 1, 2014•0 citations

How secure is quantum cryptography

Mario Stipčević

International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics•Jan 1, 2012•0 citations
Abstract We demonstrate, for the first time, that the arrival directions of cosmic-ray muons from a muon telescope provide a measurable source of physical entropy. Using six months of data collected from a muon telescope, the local zenith and azimuth angles were used for randomness extraction. The result of this study show that each cosmic muon track from our detector can generate upto 4 bits with an entropy of 0.999182 bits/bit with a maximum bit rate of roughly 650 bits/s which can possibly be enhanced by improving the detector size and angular resolution. The suggested technique can be potentially used as a random number generator required for closing the settings-independence loophole in the tests for violations of Bell's inequality. The data acquisition, data reduction, and conditioning algorithms are discussed in detail.
By using true random number (TRN) generators, encoding with the highest security can be realized. However, a completely secure strategy to transfer these TRNs has not yet been devised. Quantum key distribution (QKD) has attempted to establish secure key distribution methodology of this kind; however, several quantum cracking strategies have been predicted and experimentally demonstrated. In this work, COSMOCAT was invented as a solution for next-generation ultrahigh security near-field communications. With COSMOCAT, TRNs are generated from naturally occurring and ubiquitous cosmic-ray muons and the generated cosmic keys are distributed by these muons with an unprecedented level of security. The successful results of this experiment indicate that our prototype and the new key-generation-and-distribution standard can be utilized for practical encoding and near-field data transfer at rates of 10-100 Mbps. It is anticipated that COSMOCAT will be one of key techniques for future high security, near-field communication management.