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Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and Applications

Persistent Hole Burning and Holography in Anthraquinone Derivatives

Eiji Yagyu, Tetsuya Nishimura, Motomu Yoshimura

Published Jan 1, 1994• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have reported persistent spectral hole burning (PHB) in anthraquinone derivatives. 1-3) Hole burning spectroscopy desires high resolution to detect narrow and shallow holes. Laser induced grating (Holography) technique is very effective for the investigation of a shallow hole, because it enables to detect a small signal without a large background. 4-6) In addition, we can achieve many holographic applications: 3D image storage and reconstruction, holographic memory, holographic computing, etc. However, we should note that hole signal represents a diffraction efficiency in holographic detection, not the absorption spectrum. Consequently, material characteristics, hole width, depth, area, Debye-Waller factor, etc., are not directly obtainable using holographic detection.

DOI
10.1364/shbs.1994.wd57

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We have reported persistent spectral hole burning (PHB) in anthraquinone derivatives. 1-3) Hole burning spectroscopy desires high resolution to detect narrow and shallow holes. Laser induced grating (Holography) technique is very effective for the investigation of a shallow hole, because it enables to detect a small signal without a large background. 4-6) In addition, we can achieve many holographic applications: 3D image storage and reconstruction, holographic memory, holographic computing, etc. However, we should note that hole signal represents a diffraction efficiency in holographic detection, not the absorption spectrum. Consequently, material characteristics, hole width, depth, area, Debye-Waller factor, etc., are not directly obtainable using holographic detection.
Persistent spectral hole burning (PHSB) provides a unique possibility of controlling, by means of illumination with high spectral resolution, optical properties, the coefficient of absorption and the index of refraction in the impurity absorption band of doped solid materials. New versions of holography are the most successful application of PSHB data storage and processing. It utilizes both distributed storage and parallel processing and demonstrates the advantages and potentials of PSHB in this field. An interesting property of time and space-domain holograms occurs in connection with external electric fields: the pseudo-Stark splitting of narrow spectral holes due to the linear Stark effect in an external electric field manifests itself as an additional modulation of holographically stored signals in the time domain. The idea of PSHB time- and space-domain holography is simple. When a PSHB sample is illuminated by a pulse of light, the intensity (more precisely, the doses of illumination), in dependence of the frequency, is stored in the hole profile.
Persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) [1] allows for frequency selective recording of holograms and opens interesting prospects for high density optical information storage and processing. When hole burning is performed with the interference pattern of two crossed laser beams a spectrally narrow hole is created in an inhomogeneously broadened absorption band and simultaneously the spatial fringe pattern is recorded as a modulation of the hole depth. During reconstruction of the hologram diffraction from this spatial fringe pattern occurs, reflecting the changes of the absorption coefficient and the refractive index introduced by the spectral hole [2].
Persistent spectral hole-burning (PHB) is a photoinduced process in low temperature solids that may lead to a possible future application, frequency domain optical storage. The feasibility of such a data storage device depends critically upon having recording materials that undergo spectral hole-burning with certain well-defined characteristics. It is a stimulating challenge for the laser spectroscopist, photochemist, and physicist to find suitable materials and to devise detection techniques that make this application possible.
Persistent spectral hole burning [1] in conjunction with holography (PSHB) opens new prospects for high density optical information storage and processing. In the holographic approach, hole burning is carried out with two -crossed coherent laser beams which bleach out a narrow frequency domain hole in an inhomogeneously broadened absorption band recording, at the same time, a spatial holographic fringe pattern. During read out of the hologram diffraction from this spatial fringe pattern occurs, and a holographic image is reconstructed, reflecting the changes of the absorption coefficient and the refractive index introduced by the spectral hole [2].
The use of holography is attractive for optical data storage due to its poten­tial for implementing page oriented data storage systems. However, multiplexed recording using Bragg selective materials has not provided a large enough stor­age capability to justify the expense of these systems. Persistent spectral hole burning holography allows multiplexed recording using much smaller wavelength separations between the holograms, and hence dramatically increases the storage capacity possible in holographic memory systems [1]. A comparison between the wavelength selectivity obtained for transmission gratings recorded using hole burning in a dye doped polymer film versus Bragg selectivity in a 1 cm thick iron-doped lithium niobate crystal is shown in Fig. (1).
Photochemical hole burning (PHB) is a topic of attracting increasing interest from spectroscopic viewpoints as well as from the practical prospects for ultra-high-density frequency-domain optical storage. Recent advances in PHB study are reviewed mainly focusing on the effects of chemical structure of guest ions and molecules as well as host matrices on the efficiency of hole formation and its temperature dependence, low energy excitation modes and Debye-Waller factors in amorphous matrices, and the mechanism of photon-gated PHB.