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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Effects of side diffraction and phase modulation on optical multiwave mixing and phase conjugation

I. C. Khoo, Y. Zhou, R. R. Michael, R. G. Lindquist, P. Y. Yan, T. H. Liu

Published Jan 1, 1988• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report several recently observed optical wave mixing effects in thin films of nonlinear materials, such as liquid crystals and silicon. Kerrlike local and nonlocal and diffusive nonlinear resonses are studied. The presence of the diffracted beam is, theoretically and experimentally, shown to have a pronounced effect on the amplification of the probe beam in pump–probe wave mixing. The diffracted beam also drastically alters the phase conjugation reflection of the probe beam, phase conjugation self-oscillation threshold, and aberration correction characteristics.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1988.fb6

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We report several recently observed optical wave mixing effects in thin films of nonlinear materials, such as liquid crystals and silicon. Kerrlike local and nonlocal and diffusive nonlinear resonses are studied. The presence of the diffracted beam is, theoretically and experimentally, shown to have a pronounced effect on the amplification of the probe beam in pump–probe wave mixing. The diffracted beam also drastically alters the phase conjugation reflection of the probe beam, phase conjugation self-oscillation threshold, and aberration correction characteristics.
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The effects of side diffractions, generated from the interaction of a weak probe beam and its phase conjugate with two strong counterpropagating pump waves, and the effect of various intensity-dependent self- and mutual-phase modulations on the intensities of the probe beam and its phase conjugate are analytically studied in the nonpump-depletion limit. The results show that the conditions for the existence of, and threshold pump intensity parameters for, the divergence in the intensities of the probe and other generated beams are highly dependent on the wave-mixing angles and are different from the usual four-wave mixing phase conjugation process where the diffractions are not taken into account.>
In a highly nonlinear thin film, the presence of the diffracted beams from the pump-probe-beam-induced refractive-index grating modifies considerably the energy coupling between the pump and the probe beams. Using coupled amplitude and phase equations, the roles of various factors such as phases and phase shifts, phase modulations, pump-beam intensity, intensity ratio, interaction length, and losses in the medium in the multiwave-mixing processes are clearly identified. We also present experimental results on the dependence of the probe gain on the pump-probe-beam ratio, the pump intensity, and on the interaction length, using a nematic liquid-crystal film as the nonlinear medium.
We present a detailed theory and experiment on degenerate-multiwave-mixing-mediated beam amplification in the semiconductor silicon. The theory accounts for several important factors, such as coupling to higher-order diffractions, intensity-dependent self- and mutual-phase modulations, losses, phase matchings, intensity ratio among the input beams, etc. In the silicon case under study, involving the generation of electron-hole pairs by 1.06-\ensuremath{\mu}m laser pulses, the intensity-dependent absorption loss and the temporal and/or spatial intensity profile of the input laser beam are also explicitly accounted. The experimental results for probe-gain dependences on several parameters are in good agreement with the theory. The important role played by the side diffractions in mediating the amplification of the probe is also apparent in our experiment on phase conjugation of the probe beam, where a strong dependence of the phase-conjugation reflection on the pump- to probe-beam ratio is observed, similar to the probe-gain dependence.