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Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability (OB)

Optical hysteresis and bistability in the wave-front conjugation by electrooptic crystals

N.V. Kukhtarev, T. I. Semenets, Vyacheslav N. Starkov

Published Jan 1, 1983• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Analitical and numerical investigation of the wave-front conjugation in electrooptic crystals (LiNbO3, BaTiO3, SBN) show that noncavity optical bistability and hysteresis /1,2/ depends on the dominant mechanism of nonlinear responce (diffusion or drift) as on the orientation of the crystal C axis, and is strongly influensed by absorption or gain. Calculation show that critical effects may be observed for crystal length 0.1 cm (SBN, BaTiO3) and 1.5 cm (LiNbO3) for the optimal experimental geometry.

DOI
10.1364/obi.1983.thb9

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Analitical and numerical investigation of the wave-front conjugation in electrooptic crystals (LiNbO3, BaTiO3, SBN) show that noncavity optical bistability and hysteresis /1,2/ depends on the dominant mechanism of nonlinear responce (diffusion or drift) as on the orientation of the crystal C axis, and is strongly influensed by absorption or gain. Calculation show that critical effects may be observed for crystal length 0.1 cm (SBN, BaTiO3) and 1.5 cm (LiNbO3) for the optimal experimental geometry.
We report our observations of optical bistabilities and hysteresis1 in photorefractive passive phase conjugate resonators with BaTiO3, caused by grating erasure effects between two resonators in three different configurations. Bistable oscillations have been observed between two semilinear oscillators, two ring resonators, and also between a ring and a semilinear resonator. In the experimental arrangement used for bistability studies, a single-mode argon ion laser beam (4880 Å) entered the crystal in a face appropriate for self-pumped phase conjugation. However, the orientation is kept in such a way that no self-pumped phase conjugation is observable if none of the resonators is in operation. In this geometry, bistability and hysteresis were observed in the signal intensity of one resonator as the reflectivity of the variable beam reflector in the second resonator was increased and then decreased in a cycle. Bistability was also seen in the signal intensity of a single resonator as a function of the reflectivity of the external mirror.
A rigorous solution is given in the plane-wave approximation for the boundary problem of light reflection from the interface between an isotropic medium and a photorefractive crystal with drift-diffusion nonlinearity. The possibility of realizing hysteresis reflection or optical bistability in the system under certain conditions is shown. Analytical expressions are obtained that describe the hysteresis behavior of reflectivity as a function of the angle of incidence or the strength of a constant external electric field applied to the crystal. The results of the study are of interest for the development of devices controlling laser radiation.
The rigorous solution in the plane-wave approximation of the light reflection boundary problem for the interface the isotropic medium - photorefractive crystal with the drift- diffusion nonlinearity mechanism is given. The possibility of the realization of the hysteresis light reflection phenomenon in this case under certain conditions is shown. The analytical expressions describing hysteresis behavior of the reflectivity as a function of the angle of incidence or that of the external electric field strength applied to the crystal are derived. By changing the value and sign of the applied electric field it is possible to transfer system from the total reflection state to the transmission state and vice versa. The obtained results are attractive for the elaboration of the possible devices for laser radiation control and optical information processing.