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Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability (OB)

Pulse Shaping in CuCl due to Nonlinear Dispersion and Absorption

J.‐Y. Bigot, Mohammed Frindi, B. Hönerlage, R. Lévy, J. B. Grün

Published Jan 1, 1985• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report experiments on CuCl at 2 K with temporal, spectral and spatial resolution. The samples used are either vapor phase grown platelets or polycristalline films deposed on silicon substrates. They are excited by a nanosecond pulsed dye laser whose transmission is analysed temporally using a streak camera with picosecond resolution. The photon energy of the laser is varied around half the biexciton energy [1]. The spatial resolution is achieved using films of 2,7, 10 and 13 μm and platelets of about 30 μm thicknesses. We are thus able to study the nonlinear propagation of pulses for different wavelengths and intensities, through samples of different thicknesses.

DOI
10.1364/obi.1985.mb4

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We perform time-resolved degenerated four-wave mixing experiments on thin CuCl platelets (thickness of about 30 μm) and epitaxially grown layers (thickness of 5 to 10 μm) at low temperature (2K). The light source is a tunable picosecond dye-laser of 20 ps duration (FWHM) and of 0.3 meV spectral width (FWHM). It is synchronously pumped by the third harmonics of a mode-locked Nd:YAG laser. The dye-laser beam is split into two parts (pump and test) with an intensity ratio of about 8 to 1. The optical delay between both pulses is varied.
We study the time variation of the nonlinear absorption due to the creation of biexcitons by a high-intensity nanosecond pulsed laser in CuCl. We show that this variation is different at the beginning and at the end of the laser pulse. This memory effect depends on the photon energy and on the intensity of the laser beam. An explanation based on the time dependence of the population is suggested. We also make a time analysis of a bistable device composed of a sample of CuCl placed in a Fabry-Pérot cavity. The switching times measured are of some hundredths of picoseconds. We stress the importance of the absorption present in the cavity and show that it may destroy the dispersive bistability. Finally, we give some trends of the spatial variation of hysteresis in the transverse section of the laser beam.
Abstract Using nanosecond laser pulses the time behaviour is investigated of degenerate four‐wave mixing close to the biexcitonic resonance in CuCl. The signal emission presents different time evolutions depending on excitation conditions. Its generation rate shows intensity changes and retardation effects. These effects are explained by an attenuation of the pump pulse through a time‐dependent nonlinear absorption and, at the resonance, by a loss of coherence related to collisions with bi‐excitons.
We present a thorough investigation of the different relaxation channels opened in a strongly interacting system of excitonic quasiparticles in CuCl for density regimes ranging up to 50 MW/cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2. A spectrally narrow pump beam consisting of 30-ps pulses is tuned around one-half the biexciton energy. It creates an initial distribution of biexcitons through resonant two-photon absorption. A spectrally broad probe beam made of pulses that also have 30-ps duration monitors the excitation-induced variation of the transmission spectrum of CuCl samples near the Z3{\mathit{Z}}_{3}Z3​ exciton resonance. Coherent processes corresponding to parametric emissions of various orders are observed. Absorption and gain bands that reflect the evolution of biexciton and exciton populations on their respective dispersion curves are followed as functions of the time delay between pump and probe pulses.
We study the temporal and spatial evolution of a pump, test, and signal field generated in a four-wave-mixing process for resonant excitation of a nonlinear medium by nanosecond pulses. The propagation effects for the pulses are taken into account beyond the usual mean-field approximation. The model is then applied to a three-level system, describing CuCl at low temperatures. A great deal of new information concerning the temporal and spatial structures of the different fields propagating through the sample is obtained. We show, for instance, that the temporal shapes of the interacting fields are well established after propagation through the first few micrometers of the sample. Beyond this, they propagate with a diminishing amplitude. We also show that these structures are due to the dephasing of the fields throughout their propagation as well as to the temporal evolution of the absorption and generation function of the sample.
Abstract Using a picosecond light source and a streak camera as detection system, the temporal evolution of the signal generated throughout degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM) experiments is analysed in CuCl at low temperature. The signal emission shows different temporal behaviour depending on whether the test pulse reaches the surface of the sample before, during, or after the pump pulse. This enables one to distinguish the light‐induced grating contribution from the induced decay of quasi‐particles. The latter process can then be used to determine their dephasing time.