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physica status solidi (b)

Time‐Resolved Degenerate Four‐Wave Mixing in CuCl under Nanosecond Pulsed Excitation

Mohammed Frindi, B. Hönerlage, R. Lévy

Published Nov 1, 1986• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Using nanosecond laser pulses the time behaviour is investigated of degenerate four‐wave mixing close to the biexcitonic resonance in CuCl. The signal emission presents different time evolutions depending on excitation conditions. Its generation rate shows intensity changes and retardation effects. These effects are explained by an attenuation of the pump pulse through a time‐dependent nonlinear absorption and, at the resonance, by a loss of coherence related to collisions with bi‐excitons.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221380128

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Abstract Using nanosecond laser pulses the time behaviour is investigated of degenerate four‐wave mixing close to the biexcitonic resonance in CuCl. The signal emission presents different time evolutions depending on excitation conditions. Its generation rate shows intensity changes and retardation effects. These effects are explained by an attenuation of the pump pulse through a time‐dependent nonlinear absorption and, at the resonance, by a loss of coherence related to collisions with bi‐excitons.
Abstract Using a picosecond light source and a streak camera as detection system, the temporal evolution of the signal generated throughout degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM) experiments is analysed in CuCl at low temperature. The signal emission shows different temporal behaviour depending on whether the test pulse reaches the surface of the sample before, during, or after the pump pulse. This enables one to distinguish the light‐induced grating contribution from the induced decay of quasi‐particles. The latter process can then be used to determine their dephasing time.
We study the temporal and spatial evolution of a pump, test, and signal field generated in a four-wave-mixing process for resonant excitation of a nonlinear medium by nanosecond pulses. The propagation effects for the pulses are taken into account beyond the usual mean-field approximation. The model is then applied to a three-level system, describing CuCl at low temperatures. A great deal of new information concerning the temporal and spatial structures of the different fields propagating through the sample is obtained. We show, for instance, that the temporal shapes of the interacting fields are well established after propagation through the first few micrometers of the sample. Beyond this, they propagate with a diminishing amplitude. We also show that these structures are due to the dephasing of the fields throughout their propagation as well as to the temporal evolution of the absorption and generation function of the sample.
Abstract This paper studies coherent excitons in the presence of alloy disorder by femtosecond degenerate four‐wave mixing on ternary (ZnCd)Se/ZnSe quantum wells. The use of very low excitation densities enables to uncover an impurity‐mediated exciton dephasing time of (16 ± 2) ps and a related homogeneous exciton width of only 80 μeV. At higher densities, the coherence loss speeds up dramatically due to exciton‐exciton interaction. Separating the contributions from inhomogeneous (photon echo) and homogeneous broadening to the spectrally resolved decay transients allows to deduce the energy dependence of the dephasing time across the disorder broadened exciton ensemble. Further, pronounced biexciton resonances are observed in the signal spectrum which exhibit characteristic polarization properties. For cross‐polarized pulses, the biexciton signal shows a striking stimulation when the excitation density is increased.