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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Positive pulse switching in coupled, nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavities

Kuongchoi Caisy Ho, Guy Indebetouw

Published Jan 1, 1990• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Conventional bistable Fabry-Perot cavities are switched off by interrupting a bias. This is dissipative and thus, in principle, is not conducive of high speed. Positive-pulse switching has been demonstrated in systems in which two different mechanisms were responsible for the up and down switching and also in devices using a transient phenomenon.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1990.fcc6

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Applied Optics•Jan 10, 1990•2 citations
Conventional bistable Fabry-Perot cavities are switched off by interrupting a bias. This is dissipative and thus, in principle, is not conducive of high speed. Positive-pulse switching has been demonstrated in systems in which two different mechanisms were responsible for the up and down switching and also in devices using a transient phenomenon.
The conventional way of using a nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity as an optical memory requires a negative pulse input to reset the state of the cavity. The possibility of using positive pulses to turn a system of nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavities on and off is studied and it was found that positive pulse switching is possible in a system of two coupled nonlinear cavities. First, Korpel and Lohmann's proposal of using polarization switching in a single nonlinear birefringent cavity was studied. After a detailed investigation of their proposal it was found that positive pulse switching in a single nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity is not possible. One of the reasons is that the eigen-polarization states of the output of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity cannot be switched independently. Although it is not possible to switch a single nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity with positive pulses we were able to use the coupling of the eigen-polarization states to implement other kinds of optical switches which were demonstrated experimentally. The cross-talk effect in a metallic Fabry-Perot cavity was also studied. Next, a steady state model of a system of two coupled nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavities was developed and it was found that positive pulse switching is possible in such a system. The output can be turned on and off either by pulses sent into different cavities or by pulses of different magnitudes sent into one cavity. Finally, the dynamic behavior of the coupled cavities system was modeled by extending Goldstone and Garmire's model of a single cavity with one input to a system of two coupled cavities with two inputs. We verified by numerical calculations that positive pulse switching is also possible in the dynamic regime.
Most of the intrinsic optical devices which have been studied in recent years consist of a Fabry-Perot resonator containing a nonlinear medium. The response time of such devices is determined by the transients associated with the high-Q resonator and the response time of the nonlinear medium. The fastest devices must be free of any Fabry-Perot cavity. The excitation of either surface plasmons at a nonlinear interface or guided waves in thin nonlinear films is a way to obtain an ultrafast bistable optical device. These two kinds of device have been studied.
Polarization bistability has been proposed as having a number of advantages over conventional schemes.1 We have investigated polarization switching in a Fabry-Perot cavity filled with an aligned nematic. In this nonlinear, birefringent cavity, the transmittance for each polarization is a single valued function of the irradiance inside the cavity. This couples the two polarizations so that, unless sufficiently separated spatially, they switch simultaneously. Although limiting the range of possible applications, this coupling may be used to advantage to implement some optical latches.
We develop equations for the dynamic response of the non-linear Fabry-Perot, including a finite material response time. Our model demonstrates overshoot switching for rapid onset signals. This phenomenon makes possible several new effects: switching below steady-state intensity values, output response determined by input onset characteristics, pulse trains transmitted in four distinct modes including alternate switching, and input phase switching up as well as down. Our model also exhibits critical slowing down which occurs, in general, at unstable equilibrium output intensities. Finally, we include coupled nonlinear cavities and analyze a three-mixror configuration which produces pulsed outputs for appropriate CW inputs.