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AIAA SciTech Forum

Seeded Optical Parametric Oscillator as a Light Source for Slow-Light Imaging Spectroscopy

Boris S. Leonov, Robert T. Randolph, Anuj Rekhy, Junhwi Bak, Amirhossein Abbasszadeh Rad, Arthur Dogariu, Richard B. Miles, Christopher Limbach

Published Jan 19, 2023• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1861.vid In this article, the authors discuss an experimental demonstration of a seeded Optical Parametric Oscillator as a light source for Slow Light Imaging Spectroscopy applications. An advantage of such a system, namely narrow linewidth of less than 400 MHz, allows for precise profiling of slow light features of atomic rubidium vapor, produced by high refractive index gradients in the vicinity of resonant transitions. Time delays of up to 48 ns were observed with a clear definition of the delayed pulse from the parasitic Mie and Rayleigh scattering. A comparison between the experimental data and numerical simulation over a frequency detuning range from -1 GHz to 4 GHz shows a good agreement for both qualitative and quantitative results.

DOI
10.2514/6.2023-1861

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View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1861.vid In this article, the authors discuss an experimental demonstration of a seeded Optical Parametric Oscillator as a light source for Slow Light Imaging Spectroscopy applications. An advantage of such a system, namely narrow linewidth of less than 400 MHz, allows for precise profiling of slow light features of atomic rubidium vapor, produced by high refractive index gradients in the vicinity of resonant transitions. Time delays of up to 48 ns were observed with a clear definition of the delayed pulse from the parasitic Mie and Rayleigh scattering. A comparison between the experimental data and numerical simulation over a frequency detuning range from -1 GHz to 4 GHz shows a good agreement for both qualitative and quantitative results.
This work presents the first, to the best of our knowledge, experimental demonstration of slow light imaging spectroscopy for thermometry of liquid water. This novel technique for measuring temperature relies on detecting the spectral shift of Brillouin peaks in water using the temporal delay through a cell containing an atomic vapor. Stand-off sensing capabilities are achieved by time-domain measurements of Brillouin scattering tuned to be near a rubidium atomic resonance and passed through a cell filled with rubidium vapor. An injection seeded optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is demonstrated to be a versatile light source for slow light imaging spectroscopy applications. The narrow OPO pulse spectrum allows for a precise profiling of slow light features of rubidium and accurate tracking of the temperature dependence of Brillouin scattering spectral shift. A comparison between the experimental data and numerical simulation over a temperature range of 20 to 99 degrees Celsius shows a good agreement for both qualitative and quantitative results.
We report an experimental realization of the delayed images in a hot rubidium atomic vapor. With a rubidium atomic vapor cell as slow light medium, the image quality of the experiment could be improved greatly, compared with the results without a slow light medium. By analyzing the results about the image visibility of the slow light imaging system under three different conditions, the image visibility becomes better with the increment of the temperature, during the time that the wavelength of the laser is within dispersion range.
As a potential enabling technology, slow light has captured much research interest over the past few years for achieving a continuously tunable optical delay line [1]. In principle, slow light is generated by tailoring an enhanced group-index resonance within a given nonlinear medium. This effective refractive index change is experienced by the data stream passing through and thus induces a controllable group delay onto the signal. Themain feature of a slow-light-based optical delay line is the capability for fine-grain temporal manipulation of optical pulses. This fine tunable delay element is envisioned to be useful for various high-bandwidth signal processing functions and applications.
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3365.vid In this work, we demonstrate a new high throughput, high resolution spectroscopic technique based on dispersion in cesium atomic vapor and use it to image the Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum from air. This is accomplished by utilizing a prism shaped cesium vapor cell and taking advantage of the steep refractive index in the vicinity of atomic resonances of the cesium D2 hyperfine lines at 852.113 nm. A laser beam from a tunable, continuous, and narrow linewidth Ti:sapphire laser was focused in ambient air and the spectrally dispersed scattering was imaged onto a camera after passing through a 80 mm long cesium prism vapor cell. The strong dispersion enables the measurement of the characteristic thermal and acoustic broadening of the Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering. Mie scattering from particles in the air is also captured and can be separated from molecular Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering by tuning close to the cesium resonance. The trade-off between spectral resolution by dispersion and loss of signal by cesium absorption is analyzed by tuning the laser. This technique shows the feasibility to measure the thermodynamic properties of a gas by reconstruction of the Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum and could be applicable for advanced LIDAR measurements of atmospheric properties.