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New Journal of Physics

Improving mechanical squeezing in a dissipative optomechanical system with quadratic dispersive coupling

Guolong Li, Xingmin Li, Jun Xin, Xiaoguang Wang

Published Jan 1, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We theoretically investigate that mechanical quantum squeezing in a dissipative optomechanical system, driven by two driving tones, can be improved through quadratic dispersive coupling (QDC) which appears by adjusting a membrane in an appropriate position of an optical cavity. The analytical expressions are derived for revealing the intrinsic mechanism of the mechanical squeezing improvement. Remarkably, compared with the case without QDC, an optimal condition involved the QDC is found to considerably enhance the mechanical squeezing, without reducing the purity of the mechanical squeezed state which even increases at low temperature. We also show that, in this scheme, the mechanical squeezing is still improved by QDC and beyond 3 dB even though the temperature rises. This improvement effect can be reflected by the broader frequency band of the measurable squeezing output field from the cavity. This provides a new opportunity to explore high-precision measurements and quantum nature of macroscopic objects.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/acaf9b

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Abstract We theoretically investigate that mechanical quantum squeezing in a dissipative optomechanical system, driven by two driving tones, can be improved through quadratic dispersive coupling (QDC) which appears by adjusting a membrane in an appropriate position of an optical cavity. The analytical expressions are derived for revealing the intrinsic mechanism of the mechanical squeezing improvement. Remarkably, compared with the case without QDC, an optimal condition involved the QDC is found to considerably enhance the mechanical squeezing, without reducing the purity of the mechanical squeezed state which even increases at low temperature. We also show that, in this scheme, the mechanical squeezing is still improved by QDC and beyond 3 dB even though the temperature rises. This improvement effect can be reflected by the broader frequency band of the measurable squeezing output field from the cavity. This provides a new opportunity to explore high-precision measurements and quantum nature of macroscopic objects.
Quantum entanglement and squeezing associated with the motions of massive mechanical oscillators play an essential role in both fundamental science and emerging quantum technologies, yet realizing such macroscopic nonclassical states remains a formidable challenge. In this paper, we investigate how to achieve strong optomechanical entanglement and mechanical squeezing in a membrane-embedded cavity optomechanical system incorporating a coherent feedback loop, where the membrane interacts with the cavity mode through both linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings. This hybrid optomechanical architecture offers a flexible tunability of intrinsic system parameters, thereby enabling controlled stiffening or softening of the mechanical mode through adjusting quadratic optomechanical coupling, as well as effective modulation of the cavity decay rate via feedback control. More importantly, the synergistic interplay effect allows for a strategic reconfiguration of the system's stability regime, which in turn permits the presence of significantly enhanced effective optomechanical coupling strengths before entering the unstable regime. Exploiting these unique features, we demonstrate that optomechanical entanglement can be substantially enhanced with positive coupling sign and suitable feedback parameters, while strong mechanical squeezing beyond the 3dB limit is simultaneously achieved over a broad parameter range with negative coupling sign, reaching squeezing degree above 10dB under optimized conditions. Our proposal, establishing an all-optical method for generating highly entangled or squeezed states in cavity optomechanical systems, opens up a new route to explore macroscopic quantum effects and to advance quantum information processing.
Quantum entanglement and squeezing associated with the motions of massive mechanical oscillators play an essential role in both fundamental science and emerging quantum technologies, yet realizing such macroscopic nonclassical states remains a formidable challenge. In this paper, we investigate how to achieve strong optomechanical entanglement and mechanical squeezing in a membrane-embedded cavity optomechanical system incorporating a coherent feedback loop, where the membrane interacts with the cavity mode through both linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings. This hybrid optomechanical architecture offers a flexible tunability of intrinsic system parameters, thereby enabling controlled stiffening or softening of the mechanical mode through adjusting quadratic optomechanical coupling, as well as effective modulation of the cavity decay rate via feedback control. More importantly, the synergistic interplay effect allows for a strategic reconfiguration of the system's stability regime, which in turn permits the presence of significantly enhanced effective optomechanical coupling strengths before entering the unstable regime. Exploiting these unique features, we demonstrate that optomechanical entanglement can be substantially enhanced with positive coupling sign and suitable feedback parameters, while strong mechanical squeezing beyond the 3dB limit is simultaneously achieved over a broad parameter range with negative coupling sign, reaching squeezing degree above 10dB under optimized conditions. Our proposal, establishing an all-optical method for generating highly entangled or squeezed states in cavity optomechanical systems, opens up a new route to explore macroscopic quantum effects and to advance quantum information processing.
ABSTRACT In this paper, we investigate how to achieve strong optomechanical entanglement and mechanical squeezing in a membrane‐embedded cavity optomechanical system incorporating a coherent feedback loop, where the membrane interacts with the cavity mode through both linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings. This hybrid optomechanical architecture offers a flexible tunability of intrinsic system parameters, thereby enabling controlled stiffening or softening of the mechanical mode through adjusting quadratic optomechanical coupling, as well as effective modulation of the cavity decay rate via feedback control. More importantly, the synergistic interplay effect allows for a strategic reconfiguration of the system's stability regime, which in turn permits the presence of significantly enhanced effective optomechanical coupling strengths before entering the unstable regime. Exploiting these unique features, we showcase that optomechanical entanglement can be substantially enhanced with positive coupling sign and suitable feedback parameters, while strong mechanical squeezing beyond the 3dB limit is simultaneously achieved over a broad parameter range with negative coupling sign, reaching squeezing degree above 10dB under optimized conditions. Our proposal, establishing an all‐optical method for generating highly entangled or squeezed states in cavity optomechanical systems, opens up a new route to explore macroscopic quantum effects and to advance quantum information processing.
We theoretically demonstrate that an especially tuned degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside a cavity can lead to the momentum squeezing of a moving membrane in a dissipative optomechanical system. The momentum squeezing of the membrane depends on the parametric gain and the parametric phase of the OPA, the power of the external laser driving the cavity, and the temperature of the environment. The best achievable momentum squeezing is about 2.53 dB, which is limited by the OPA. Moreover, we show that the momentum squeezing of the membrane can be detected by directly measuring the cavity output field. In addition, we find that the mechanical squeezing can be enhanced to about 10.36 dB under the joint effect of the OPA and an input broadband squeezed vacuum field.
We theoretically investigate the steady-state bipartite entanglements, mechanical ground-state cooling, and mechanical quadrature squeezing in a hybrid electro-optomechanical system where a moving membrane is linearly coupled to the microwave field mode of an LC circuit, while it simultaneously interacts both linearly and quadratically with the radiation pressure of a single-mode optical cavity. We show that by choosing a suitable sign and amplitude for the quadratic optomechanical coupling (QOC), one can achieve enhanced and thermally robust stationary bipartite entanglement between the subsystems, improved mechanical ground-state cooling, and QQQ-quadrature squeezing of the mechanical mode beyond the 3-dB limit of squeezing. In particular, we find that in the presence of QOC with negative sign and in the resolved sideband regime the bipartite optical-mechanical entanglement can be increased by about 2 orders of magnitude around the temperature of 1 mK, and it can be preserved against thermal noise up to the ambient temperature of 0.1 K. Furthermore, the QOC with positive sign can give rise to the enhancement of the mechanical ground-state cooling by about 1 order of magnitude in the optical and microwave red-detuned regime. We also find that for the positive sign of QOC and near the microwave resonance frequency the squeezing degree of the QQQ quadrature of the mechanical mode can be amplified up to 15 dB. Such a hybrid electro-optomechanical system can serve as a promising platform to engineer an improved entangled source for quantum sensing as well as quantum information processing.
ABSTRACT The quadrature‐squeezed state of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator plays a key role in enhancing the precision of quantum measurements. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the steady‐state displacement squeezing of a membrane in a purely dissipative optomechanical system can be generated via the Duffing nonlinearity of the membrane when the cavity is driven by a red‐detuned laser. The mechanical squeezing results from a combination of the Duffing nonlinearity and the cooling of the membrane induced by the red‐detuned laser. We find that the maximum achievable squeezing is over 6 dB at a temperature of 10 mK in the resolved‐sideband regime. We show that a larger Duffing nonlinear strength or a smaller cavity decay rate causes the strong displacement squeezing exceeding 3 dB to emerge at a lower input laser power. And the strong mechanical squeezing beyond 3 dB can be achieved at a temperature of 10 mK even outside the resolved sideband regime. The generated mechanical squeezing is robust against the thermal noise of the membrane. Moreover, we show that the mechanical squeezing can be detected directly through homodyning detection of the cavity output field.