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Physical Review A

Mechanical squeezing in a dissipative optomechanical system with an optical parametric amplifier

Sumei Huang, Aixi Chen

Published Aug 3, 2020• 32 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically demonstrate that an especially tuned degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside a cavity can lead to the momentum squeezing of a moving membrane in a dissipative optomechanical system. The momentum squeezing of the membrane depends on the parametric gain and the parametric phase of the OPA, the power of the external laser driving the cavity, and the temperature of the environment. The best achievable momentum squeezing is about 2.53 dB, which is limited by the OPA. Moreover, we show that the momentum squeezing of the membrane can be detected by directly measuring the cavity output field. In addition, we find that the mechanical squeezing can be enhanced to about 10.36 dB under the joint effect of the OPA and an input broadband squeezed vacuum field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.102.023503

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We theoretically demonstrate that an especially tuned degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside a cavity can lead to the momentum squeezing of a moving membrane in a dissipative optomechanical system. The momentum squeezing of the membrane depends on the parametric gain and the parametric phase of the OPA, the power of the external laser driving the cavity, and the temperature of the environment. The best achievable momentum squeezing is about 2.53 dB, which is limited by the OPA. Moreover, we show that the momentum squeezing of the membrane can be detected by directly measuring the cavity output field. In addition, we find that the mechanical squeezing can be enhanced to about 10.36 dB under the joint effect of the OPA and an input broadband squeezed vacuum field.
We propose a scheme for producing the phase squeezing of the output light in a dissipative optomechanical coupling system. This is achieved by applying a degenerate parametric drive on the mechanical oscillator. We also show that this scheme is capable of generating the stationary entanglement between an optical cavity field and a macroscopic mechanical oscillator. The effects of the strength of the mechanical parametric drive, the power of the input laser, the temperature of the environment on the output phase squeezing, and the optomechanical entanglement are investigated. For a temperature of 20 mK, we find that up to 9 dB of the output phase squeezing and the large optomechanical entanglement can be achieved.
The ground-state cooling of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator is a crucial prerequisite for implementing the quantum manipulation of the mechanical oscillator. Here we show that a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) can significantly improve the cooling of the mechanical membrane in the purely dissipative coupling system in the unresolved sideband regime. In the presence of the OPA with a parametric phase $\ensuremath{\pi}/2$, the mechanical membrane can be cooled from room temperature 293 K to 10 mK, a factor of 112 lower than that in the absence of the OPA. If the mechanical oscillator is precooled to 0.1 K, the mechanical membrane can be cooled into the microkelvin regime.
ABSTRACT The quadrature‐squeezed state of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator plays a key role in enhancing the precision of quantum measurements. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the steady‐state displacement squeezing of a membrane in a purely dissipative optomechanical system can be generated via the Duffing nonlinearity of the membrane when the cavity is driven by a red‐detuned laser. The mechanical squeezing results from a combination of the Duffing nonlinearity and the cooling of the membrane induced by the red‐detuned laser. We find that the maximum achievable squeezing is over 6 dB at a temperature of 10 mK in the resolved‐sideband regime. We show that a larger Duffing nonlinear strength or a smaller cavity decay rate causes the strong displacement squeezing exceeding 3 dB to emerge at a lower input laser power. And the strong mechanical squeezing beyond 3 dB can be achieved at a temperature of 10 mK even outside the resolved sideband regime. The generated mechanical squeezing is robust against the thermal noise of the membrane. Moreover, we show that the mechanical squeezing can be detected directly through homodyning detection of the cavity output field.
We report an efficient mechanism to generate mechanical entanglement in a two-cascaded cavity optomechanical system with optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) inside the two coupled cavities. We use the especially tuned OPAs to squeeze the hybrid mode composed of two mechanical modes, leading to strong macroscopic entanglement between the two movable mirrors. The squeezing parameter as well as the effective mechanical damping are both modulated by the OPA gains. The optimal degree of mechanical entanglement therefore depends on the balanced process between coherent hybrid mode squeezing and dissipation engineering. The mechanical entanglement is robust to strong cavity decay, going beyond simply resolved sideband regime, and is resistant to reasonable high thermal noise. The scheme provides an alternative way for generating strong macroscopic entanglement in cascaded optomechanical systems.
The generation of quantum entanglement in macroscopic systems remains a longstanding challenge. In this paper, we study theoretically the stationary entanglement of the two remote mechanical oscillators in a two-cascaded-cavity optomechanical system with a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside the first cavity. The two cavity modes in each cavity are driven at the red- and blue-sideband frequencies. The logarithmic negativity is used to quantify the amount of the stationary mechanical entanglement. We find that the stationary mechanical entanglement depends on the parametric gain and phase of the OPA, the input laser powers, the cavity decay rates, and the temperature of the environment. We show that it is possible to enhance the stationary mechanical entanglement by the use of the OPA, and the optimal enhancement of the stationary mechanical entanglement happens at the parametric phase 𝜋 / 2 of the OPA. At lower temperatures, the OPA exhibits a more significant improvement effect on the stationary mechanical entanglement.
Abstract A novel and efficient method is proposed for generating mechanical squeezing in a double‐cavity optomechanical system by introducing an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) with pump modulation (PM). The combined effects of periodic amplitude modulation of the driving laser and the OPA enable mechanical squeezing in both the resolved‐sideband and unresolved‐sideband regimes, with significantly enhanced squeezing observed in the resolved‐sideband regime. The individual contributions of the OPA and PM to mechanical squeezing is systematically investigated, with results indicating that PM plays a more dominant role. Additionally, the proposed scheme demonstrates excellent robustness against environmental thermal noise. These findings highlight the potential of this approach for advancing quantum precision measurements and exploring macroscopic quantum phenomena.