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Tenth International Conference on Information Optics and Photonics

The comparison between the local and nonlocal entangled wavelength to time mapping

Ye Yang, Xiao Xiang, Yaqing Jin, Tengfei Hao, Yang Jiankun, Wei Li, Ninghua Zhu, Ruifang Dong, Ming Li

Published Dec 15, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The dispersive wavelength to time mapping with the entangled photon source is an effective way of measuring the spectral information of the entangled photon pairs. This approach avoids the usage of spectral filtering equipment like the monochromator, which reduces the measuring time and the system’s complexity. The wavelength-to-time mapping method can be divided into local mapping and nonlocal mapping depending on whether the measurement utilizes the frequency correlation of the entangled photon pairs. For local mapping, the spectral information of signal photons is directly mapped to the time domain through dispersion without utilizing the frequency correlation between the photon pair. For nonlocal mapping, the signal photons with spectral information are directly detected. And the corresponding idler photons are dispersed. With the help of the frequency correlation between the photon pair, the spectral information on signal photons can be recorded in count measurement. In this letter, the two types of mapping results are theoretically and experimentally compared. The theoretical result indicates that the two types of mapping results are the same when the pump light of the entangled source is ideal monochromatic with infinite linewidth. However, when using a real pump light with finite linewidth, the theoretical and experimental result of the two types of mapping is different. The difference in the result indicates the potential influence of the mapping method, which can further help to select a more suitable mapping method for different measuring conditions.

DOI
10.1117/12.2653581

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The dispersive wavelength to time mapping with the entangled photon source is an effective way of measuring the spectral information of the entangled photon pairs. This approach avoids the usage of spectral filtering equipment like the monochromator, which reduces the measuring time and the system’s complexity. The wavelength-to-time mapping method can be divided into local mapping and nonlocal mapping depending on whether the measurement utilizes the frequency correlation of the entangled photon pairs. For local mapping, the spectral information of signal photons is directly mapped to the time domain through dispersion without utilizing the frequency correlation between the photon pair. For nonlocal mapping, the signal photons with spectral information are directly detected. And the corresponding idler photons are dispersed. With the help of the frequency correlation between the photon pair, the spectral information on signal photons can be recorded in count measurement. In this letter, the two types of mapping results are theoretically and experimentally compared. The theoretical result indicates that the two types of mapping results are the same when the pump light of the entangled source is ideal monochromatic with infinite linewidth. However, when using a real pump light with finite linewidth, the theoretical and experimental result of the two types of mapping is different. The difference in the result indicates the potential influence of the mapping method, which can further help to select a more suitable mapping method for different measuring conditions.
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Nonlocal wavelength-to-time mapping between frequency-entangled photon pairs generated with the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. The spectral filtering pattern experienced by one photon in the photon pair will be non-locally mapped into the time domain when the other photon propagates inside a dispersion-compensation fiber with large group velocity dispersion. Our work, for the first time, points out that the spectral bandwidth of the pump laser will become the dominated factor preventing the improvement of the spectral resolution when the involved group velocity dispersion is large enough, which provides an excellent tool for characterizing the resolution of a nonlocal wavelength-to-time mapping for further quantum information applications.
Recent advances in techniques for generating quantum light have stimulated research on novel spectroscopic measurements using quantum entangled photons. One such spectroscopy technique utilizes non-classical correlations among entangled photons to enable measurements with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. Here, we investigate the spectroscopic measurement utilizing entangled three photons. In this measurement, time-resolved entangled photon spectroscopy with monochromatic pumping [A. Ishizaki, J. Chem. Phys. 153, 051102 (2020)] is integrated with the frequency-dispersed two-photon counting technique, which suppresses undesired accidental photon counts in the detector and thus allows one to separate the weak desired signal. This time-resolved frequency-dispersed two-photon counting signal, which is a function of two frequencies, is shown to provide the same information as that of coherent two-dimensional optical spectra. The spectral distribution of the phase-matching function works as a frequency filter to selectively resolve a specific region of the two-dimensional spectra, whereas the excited-state dynamics under investigation are temporally resolved in the time region longer than the entanglement time. The signal is not subject to Fourier limitations on the joint temporal and spectral resolution, and therefore, it is expected to be useful for investigating complex molecular systems in which multiple electronic states are present within a narrow energy range.
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We present an experimental and theoretical analysis of the energy-time entanglement properties of a two-photon state generated by pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Different methods of spectral or temporal shaping of one of the two photons have allowed the observation of nonlocal modulations in the autocorrelation or in the spectrum of the other, by coincidence measurements. Either a monochromator or etalon filters have been used to shape the idler photon while observing the conditioned signal autocorrelation with a Michelson interferometer. Alternatively, the unbalanced interferometer has been used to shape the signal photon while measuring the conditioned idler spectrum with the monochromator. The role of the pump spectrum has been investigated by shaping it with additional filters. A theoretical treatment has allowed us to completely describe all the observed features as a function of the different experimental parameters.