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Optical Technology and Measurement for Industrial Applications Conference (OPTM)

Optical trap and control of a nanoparticle in vacuum towards a mixture with ultracold atoms

Daisuke Akamatsu

Published Dec 8, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We design and build a new experimental setup to demonstrate a mixture of a single nanoparticle and laser-cooled atoms. This system aims for investigating the low-energy scattering of ultracold atoms by a dielectric nanoparticle. The wave nature of the cold atoms manifests itself in both elastic and inelastic cross sections. In the new experimental system at Yokohama National University, we demonstrated optical trapping and cooling of a glass nanoparticle in vacuum. The ballistic Brownian motion of the nanoparticle in the harmonic potential was observed. We also demonstrated parametric cooling of the center of mass motion of the nanoparticle. We discuss the prospects for realization of a mixture of a single nanoparticle and laser-cooled atoms.

DOI
10.1117/12.2660187

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We design and build a new experimental setup to demonstrate a mixture of a single nanoparticle and laser-cooled atoms. This system aims for investigating the low-energy scattering of ultracold atoms by a dielectric nanoparticle. The wave nature of the cold atoms manifests itself in both elastic and inelastic cross sections. In the new experimental system at Yokohama National University, we demonstrated optical trapping and cooling of a glass nanoparticle in vacuum. The ballistic Brownian motion of the nanoparticle in the harmonic potential was observed. We also demonstrated parametric cooling of the center of mass motion of the nanoparticle. We discuss the prospects for realization of a mixture of a single nanoparticle and laser-cooled atoms.
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We demonstrate a simple and robust geometry for optical trapping in vacuum of a single nanoparticle based on a parabolic mirror and the optical gradient force, and we demonstrate rapid parametric feedback cooling of all three motional degrees of freedom from room temperature to a few mK. A single laser at 1550nm, and a single photodiode, are used for trapping, position detection, and cooling for all three dimensions. Particles with diameters from 26nm to 160nm are trapped without feedback to 10−5^{-5}−5mbar and with feedback engaged the pressure is reduced to 10−6^{-6}−6mbar. Modifications to the harmonic motion in the presence of noise and feedback are studied, and an experimental mechanical quality factor >4×107>4\times 10^7>4×107 is estimated.
The atom-ion hybrid system provides a new platform to study ultracold collisions and chemical reactions. To investigate chemical reactions in ultracold regimes, we combine neutral atoms in an optical trap and ions in a Paul trap to construct an atom-ion hybrid system. Here we introduce our recent work on ultracold elastic/inelastic collisions at a single atom level with a state-by-state manner. From quantitative discussions on the collision’s cross-sections, we clarified the microscopic collisional mechanisms.
We optically trap a single nanoparticle in high vacuum and cool its three spatial degrees of freedom by means of active parametric feedback. Using a single laser beam for both trapping and cooling we demonstrate a temperature compression ratio of four orders of magnitude. The absence of a clamping mechanism provides robust decoupling from the heat bath and eliminates the requirement of cryogenic precooling. The small size and mass of the nanoparticle yield high resonance frequencies and high quality factors along with low recoil heating, which are essential conditions for ground state cooling and for low decoherence. The trapping and cooling scheme presented here opens new routes for testing quantum mechanics with mesoscopic objects and for ultrasensitive metrology and sensing.
The atom-ion hybrid system provides us with new platform to study ultracold collisions and chemical reactions, which play important role in quantum simulations, quantum information processing utilizing atom-ion interactions. To investigate chemical reactions in an ultracold regime, we start with neutral atoms trapped in an optical dipole trap and ions in a linear Paul trap, and combine them together to construct a hybrid system. Here we introduce our recent work on ultracold elastic/inelastic collisions at a single atom level with a state-by-state manner in our atom-ion hybrid system. From the quantitative discussion on the collision cross sections, the microscopic collisional mechanisms have been clarified.