Solving the problem of ensuring the information security of the fiber-optics systems requires an analysis of possible methods of unauthorized access. Improving the technology of installation and operation of the fiber-optics systems not only enhances the quality and distance of information transmission over an optical cable, but also potentially expands the range of channels for possible leakage of information transmitted through it. Improving the construct of the optical fibers, the use of such technologies as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), necessitates a complex analysis of increasing the information capacity and security of fiber-optics systems from unauthorized access. The paper compares the security of the fiber-optics systems built on the standard single mode fiber (SSMF) and dispersion shifted fiber (DSF). It is shown that, despite of the possibility of a higher information capacity, fiber-optics systems built on DSF require more careful control to avoid unauthorized access than in the case of using standard SSMF.
Solving the problem of ensuring the information security of the fiber-optics systems requires an analysis of possible methods of unauthorized access. Improving the technology of installation and operation of the fiber-optics systems not only enhances the quality and distance of information transmission over an optical cable, but also potentially expands the range of channels for possible leakage of information transmitted through it. Improving the construct of the optical fibers, the use of such technologies as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), necessitates a complex analysis of increasing the information capacity and security of fiber-optics systems from unauthorized access. The paper compares the security of the fiber-optics systems built on the standard single mode fiber (SSMF) and dispersion shifted fiber (DSF). It is shown that, despite of the possibility of a higher information capacity, fiber-optics systems built on DSF require more careful control to avoid unauthorized access than in the case of using standard SSMF.
The development of communication technology is currently progressing at an extremely rapid pace. One of the most widely applied technologies for data transmission is fiber optic communication, which uses light as the transmission medium. This technology enables data to be transmitted at very high speeds. However, in the process of data transmission, a security mechanism is required to protect information from unauthorized access. Attacks on fiber optic networks can lead to significant alterations in the data received compared to the data sent by the transmitter. This poses a serious risk, particularly when the transmitted data is confidential. Two methods that can be employed to secure fiber optic networks are Optical Steganography and Optical Encryption. The working principle of Optical Steganography involves hiding signals in public channels, while Optical Encryption functions by encrypting the transmitted signals. Both methods can be implemented using OptiSystem software. According to the results of this study, Optical Encryption demonstrates a higher level of reliability compared to Optical Steganography. Optical Encryption achieved a Q-Factor value of 14.65 and a BER of 6.55×10−49. In terms of Q-Factor, Optical Encryption is shown to be 16.3% more effective than Optical Steganography and 90.4% more efficient compared to designs without a security system.
The problem of protection against unauthorised access to data is considered and the results of comparing existing methods of extracting data from optical fibreare presented, the possibility to develop algorithms and identification principles that would help control information leakage channels in fibre-optic transmission systems. Developments to solve the problem of information security, in two directions are described. The classification of methods of obtaining information, the physical principles of formation of leakage channels, as well as the methodology for transmitting the proportion of optical radiation outside the propagation environment, as well as the structure, principles of operation, and trends in the development of monitoring systems are presented. Both the advantages and limitations of methods are described. Information is given about the proposed analysis system based on a neural network for more accurate detection of unauthorised connection to the network.
Optical fiber communications are essential for all types of long and short distance transmissions. The aim of the article is to analyze the previously presented risks and evaluation of the two biggest and therefore the most critical risks. The first major risk is the possibility of inserting a splitter into optical distribution network and capturing portion of the entire spectrum, ie all channels in the optical fiber. The second significant security risk is crosstalk on multiplexer in networks with wavelength division multiplexing. Based on the measurements, risks were evaluated for both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a photonic technology capable to transport over a single fiber more than a Tbit/s aggregate traffic. Currently, WDM is the only deployed method in transcontinental and transoceanic applications. In the optical network, each fiber link consists of segments, each several kilometers long, the connecting points of which are amenable to tapping. When a small amount of optical signal is extracted from a tap, when the signal is properly amplified it can be monitored by unauthorized personnel thus threatening communications and land-security. Since each WDM channel carries traffic from one customer, it is not difficult for the connoisseur to demultiplex a specific channel, isolate a specific payload and break the encrypted datagram. Therefore, in addition to data encryption, high-speed communications security should also rely on securing the optical links. In this paper, we present a WDM link security method that, even if fiber is tapped, constitutes channel monitoring and information decrypting by an eavesdropper or unauthorized personnel virtually impossible. In addition, we describe the circuit building blocks behind the method that makes eavesdropping impossible.
Fiber Optics Communication is also one of the major branch which is widely used in current communication world. Due to several advantages of fiber optics communication over different conventional wired communication method it is having higher priority. Though fiber optic transmits large amount of data quickly over long distance, it is vulnerable to various security attacks. The fiber optic cable can be easily tapped. Fundamental improvements can be achieved for the entire network by increasing the optical network’s performance in terms of channel capacity, data rate, and processing speed. Furthermore, the security of the optical network has an impact on the security of the entire communication system. Optical network security can be effectively protected by fiber-based methods, including all optical signal processing, optical key distribution, optical steganography, and optical chaos-based communication. Fiber-based devices do not radiate an electromagnetic signature and are immune to electromagnetic interference. To provide end to end secure fiber optic communication, a special encryption algorithm based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is employed. The proposed encryption algorithm is simulated and the performance is analyzed. In this paper we are mostly dealing with the basics of fiber optics working principle, priority over other conventional communication system and role of fiber optics communication in computer networking and its vulnerabilities.
The analysis of the performance indicators fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL) using quantum technology based on the architectural concept of NGN (Next Generation Network) and future networks FN (Future Networks) for the construction highly efficient optical telecommunication networks supporting a wide range cryptographic resistance. Threats of unauthorized access, denial of service, loss information, cryptographic methods and algorithms for information protection are considered. Complex criteria of FOCL efficiency using such quantum technologies as network performance using WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology, information security characteristics when using quantum cryptography protocols, taking into account resistance to various threats, informative characteristics photon sources are selected. A new approach is proposed for the study and assessment of complex indicators complex optical information protection systems and effective control of a set quantum key distribution systems for fiber-optic communication lines. The functioning of the investigated FOCL using quantum technology based on the principles "Point-to-point" network topology, which allows organizing a quantum information and service channel, is considered. On the basis of the proposed approach, the efficiency quantum key distribution, the capabilities quantum cryptography protocols under the influence of photon number splitting attack (PNS-Photon Number Splitting Attack) and the information entropy of the characteristics of sources of optical photon qubit fluxes are investigated. Analytical expressions are obtained for assessing the complex indicators of the information security system when using quantum key distribution (QKD) for FOCL. On the basis of the new approach, a numerical analysis was carried out and a graphical dependence of the information entropy of the packet on the packet length in qubits was constructed for the given transfer characteristics of the FOCL. It was found that an increase in the limited packet length in bits, which meets the requirements reliability and efficiency of the operation FOCL system, leads to an increase in the value information entropy as a fraction of the packet, at a given bit rate of the network.