This study presents a theory with a six-dimensional space-time structure, R^6, in order to describe quantum mechanic phenomena, the time arrow and quantum gravity. The interpretation of quantum world phenomena using four-dimensional space-time would be a very complicated and indescribable task. The dual wave-particle behavior, entanglement, quantum corridors, etc., represent the complex space-time structure. Previous studies indicate that complicated behaviors of particles in quantum mechanics are basically considered as the inherent behavior of those particles. The theoretical framework of the balance is the transformation of imaginary dimensions into geometric dimensions and the description of quantum mechanical phenomena using external Euclidean geometry. The six-dimensional space-time structure consists of three space and three time dimensions and the time arrow is the result of the impossibility of the existence of matter in six space-time dimensions, and the direction of the arrow is aligned with the expansion of the universe.
This study presents a theory with a six-dimensional space-time structure, R^6, in order to describe quantum mechanic phenomena, the time arrow and quantum gravity. The interpretation of quantum world phenomena using four-dimensional space-time would be a very complicated and indescribable task. The dual wave-particle behavior, entanglement, quantum corridors, etc., represent the complex space-time structure. Previous studies indicate that complicated behaviors of particles in quantum mechanics are basically considered as the inherent behavior of those particles. The theoretical framework of the balance is the transformation of imaginary dimensions into geometric dimensions and the description of quantum mechanical phenomena using external Euclidean geometry. The six-dimensional space-time structure consists of three space and three time dimensions and the time arrow is the result of the impossibility of the existence of matter in six space-time dimensions, and the direction of the arrow is aligned with the expansion of the universe.
This study presents a theory with a six-dimensional space-time structure, , in order to describe microscopic phenomena, the time arrow and complex phenomena of the quantum world. The interpretation of quantum world phenomena using four-dimensional space-time would be a very complicated and indescribable task. The dual wave-particle behavior, entanglement, quantum corridors, etc., represent the complex space-time structure. Previous studies indicate that complicated behaviors of particles in quantum mechanics are basically considered as the natural behavior of those particles. The theoretical framework of the nature of time is the transformation of imaginary dimensions into geometric dimensions and the description of quantum mechanical phenomena using external Euclidean geometry. The six-dimensional space-time structure consists of three space and three time dimensions, , and the time arrow is the result of the impossibility of the existence of matter in six space-time dimensions, and the direction of the arrow is aligned with the expansion of the universe.
Abstract Quantum mechanics and relativity are extraordinarily successful mathematical theories, yet their conventional physical interpretations rely on substantially different conceptual frameworks. The Theory of Space (TS) proposes a fourth dimension defined by the Planck-related interval, with interpreted as a longitudinal dimension associated with energy (cτ), rather than as the conventional Minkowski spacetime interval. This fourth dimension does not coexist continuously with the observable three spatial dimensions as a conventional four-dimensional manifold. Instead, TS proposes an oscillatory existence between observable 3D presence and a non-observable fourth-dimensional phase. Through this oscillation, the quantum system undergoes repeated dimensional projection into observable 3D, with individual eigenstates manifested probabilistically while the underlying quantum state continues to evolve. Within this framework, phenomena including measurement, the Born rule, the arrow of time, entropy, entanglement, tunneling, and Bell-type correlations acquire a common physical interpretation. Heisenberg uncertainty and non-commutativity are interpreted as consequences of physical parameters associated with different phases of the dimensional oscillation and therefore not simultaneously manifested within the same 3D instance. TS further distinguishes between the quantum system’s spatial component and its compact physical entity. Their coexistence within the complete system provides a proposed physical basis for quantum interference and phase-dependent phenomena, including the double-slit experiment and the path-integral description of quantum evolution. As an extension of the model, TS proposes that the periodic displacement and replacement of quantum space generate a pulsed inward spatial flow. This mechanism provides a possible basis for a quantized gravitational interaction and suggests that gravitational energy may be represented by a positive contribution. Related developments, including spiral spatial flows, follow naturally from the same dimensional-oscillation mechanism. The Theory of Space therefore seeks to provide a common conceptual framework for quantum, relativistic, and gravitational phenomena without replacing the established mathematical equations that successfully reproduce experimental observations. The present work develops this framework and invites critical examination of its assumptions, physical implications, and potential experimental consequences. Keywords: relativity; Lorentz transformation; quantum superposition; quantum superposition; collapse; entanglement; quantum gravity
Young's two-slit test can be interpreted over time. Classical events have a quantum behaviour over time. Based on the findings of this research, Quantum Phenomena have a classical interpretation. The role of time has been neglected in the understanding of quantum mechanics phenomena. By examining classical events over time, Quantum Phenomena were simulated. Entanglement, particle-wave phenomenon, etc. are intertwined in the space-time structure. The role of the arrow of time in solving physics problems can be considered.
The possibility that quantum mechanics is foundationally the same as classical theories in explaining phenomena in space and time is postulated. Such a view is motivated by interpreting the experimental violation of Bell inequalities as resulting from questions of geometry and algebraic representation of variables, and thereby the structure of space, rather than realism or locality. While time remains Euclidean in the proposed new structure, space is described by Projective geometry. A dual geometry facilitates description of a physically real quantum particle trajectory. Implications for the physical basis of Bohmian mechanics is briefly examined, and found that the hidden variables pilot-wave model is local. Conceptually, the consequence of this proposal is that quantum mechanics has common ground with relativity as ultimately geometrical. This permits the derivation of physically meaningful quantum Lorentz transformations. Departure from classical notions of measurability is discussed.
This book “Foundation of quantum mechanics in Dual 4-dimension space-time——The spacetime origin of quantum probability,” is a new exploration discussing the physical foundations of quantum mechanics. It contains two parts. One is the interactive realism, the other is the quantum mechanical description of the dual-4 dimensional spacetime. The first one is the philosophical basis of the second. The author thought that the conventional mass-point model is no long proper for the microscopic quantum world. The author used the movement of the rotating matter wave sphere in complex space to deduce the de Broglie matter-wave formula, and pulled the metaphysical hypothesis of the wave function back into the real physical realism. A matte wave is the physical wave, and it has potential applications. The matter wave transfers in the dual-4 dimensional complex space-time, and the complex number enters the cognition domain of space-time intrinsically. The author pointed out that, the state of a moving microscopic object is the combination of its eigen-states from quantum slicing, coherent hence; after quantum measurement, projected into the real 4-dimensional space-time and showing a probability distribution of point particles. Before and after the quantum measurement, the object is not in the same cognition level, nor the same physical space-time, and the Hilbert space is just their common math application space. The quantum measurement induces the transition of the microscopic object in space-time, manifestation, physical model, and theoretical structure, and the quantum probability comes from the space distribution of the field matter sphere, representing the transition from dual-4 complex to real 4-dimensional space-time, and the sphere to the point model. Physical phenomena, phenomenal entity, physical space-time, physical model, and theoretical structure all must consist intrinsically in logic. These are changing with the change of human cognition, embodying the unity of the human being and the nature. Dual-4 dimensional space-time quantum mechanics gives the wave function the physical realism. So, the concepts of the quantum entanglement, quantum communication and quantum teleportation all may be clarified and understood physically. The book is self-consistent with detailed justification, wherein the interactive realism concept is a new innovation.
If time has three dimensions, how does a particle move? This paper demonstrates that quantum physics naturally emerges from a framework of three-dimensional time. We present the equations governing the motion of 0-spin, 1-spin, and 1/2-spin particles within this three-dimensional time model. Phenomena such as quantum non-locality, spin, gauge transformation invariance, Bose-Einstein condensation, the exclusion principle, and Schrödinger's cat problem are shown to arise due to the presence of two additional time dimensions. We will explore how causality is maintained in this multi-dimensional time framework. Additionally, we will demonstrate that gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be unified within the 3+3 space-time Kaluza-Klein (KK) equations. Furthermore, a strong-interaction equation based on the σ−ω model is derived from the geometry of three-dimensional time for fermions. Finally, we show that gravitational, electromagnetic, and strong interactions can be unified within the same six-dimensional Kaluza-Klein equation. Key words: Three dimensional time, What is spin, Interpreting of quantum physics, Dirac equation, unified theory