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Optics Communications

Real-Time Post-Processing for Physical-Layer Secure Key Distribution in Fiber Networks

Ying Cao, Liuming Zhang, Xinran Huang, Weisheng Hu, Xuelin Yang

Published Jan 1, 2022• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2022.129068

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The unique and random physical-layer properties of optical fiber channels have been exploited for a simple and cost-effective secure key generation and distribution (SKGD). However, state-of-the-art SKGD approaches focused mainly on initial key extraction, while the post-processing protocol has to be explored to guarantee error-free operation, effective key generation rate (KGR) and high key secrecy. Here we propose a full post-processing protocol for SKGD in fiber networks. A lossy quantizer is optimized to achieve the trade-off between the KGR and key disagreement rate. The distributed source coding based information reconciliation is used to remove quantization errors. The privacy amplification is applied to improve the randomness and secrecy of the generated key using hashing functions. The post-processing protocol provides a SKGD solution of error-free, high randomness and high secrecy in fiber networks.
Post-processing is an essential step towards the practical deployment of physical-layer secure key distribution (SKD) in classical fiber channels. However, the comparison and combination of different post-processing methods are not explored yet. Here, we fully evaluate the post-processing protocol and analyze various combinations of quantization and information reconciliation (IR), and present the efficient solutions associated with the key entropy source between the legal parties. In addition, the SHA3-256 hash function-based privacy amplification is exploited to further enhance the robust key secrecy and randomness. The results show that, the proposed protocol significantly increases the achievable key generation rate (KGR) up to 130-205% using the combination of multi-bit adaptive quantizer and IR with syndrome-decoding LDPC, compared with the previous post-processing using the same original key waveforms extracted from physical-layer SKD.