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BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks

Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser in a Space-time Description

Sergey P. Suprun, Anatoly P. Suprun, Victor F. Petrenko

Published Oct 6, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Analysis of the quantum physics experiments relying on the object-based concepts in space-time terms leads to irresolvable paradoxes. These paradoxes can be resolved by accepting that the wave function collapse, similar to time, matches the object-based model in consciousness that describes the result of observation and, moreover, the understanding of this means that the fact is fixed in the mental map.

DOI
10.2174/9789815049664122020008

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•Jan 5, 2023•0 citations
Analysis of the quantum physics experiments relying on the object-based concepts in space-time terms leads to irresolvable paradoxes. These paradoxes can be resolved by accepting that the wave function collapse, similar to time, matches the object-based model in consciousness that describes the result of observation and, moreover, the understanding of this means that the fact is fixed in the mental map.
This paper presents an observational analysis of the Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser experiment through the framework of quantum mechanics. The Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser, a variation of the classic double-slit experiment, demonstrates the intricate relationship between quantum measurement, wave-particle duality, and the temporal ordering of observations. By utilizing the principles of quantum superposition, entanglement, and the non-local collapse of the wave function, we seek to rationalize the counterintuitive outcomes observed in the experiment. Specifically, we explore how the act of measurement retroactively influences the observed behavior of particles, depending on whether or not the which-path information is available. Our analysis underscores the significance of the quantum mechanical concept of wave function collapse across spacetime, providing a deeper understanding of how quantum mechanics reconciles the delayed-choice paradox.
Ever since the proposal of delayed choice quantum erasure and subsequent realization in the experiment by Kim et al., the interpretation and implications of delayed-choice experiments have remained a subject of intense foundational debate. This paper resolves the apparent paradox attached to the experiment using standard quantum mechanics. Using an extended Mach-Zehnder interferometer which captures every operational feature of the original experiment, we show that choosing between which-path and erasure detectors is simply a choice of measurement bases, which does not rewrite a photon's past. Furthermore, by mapping the experiment to a two-way Stern-Gerlach framework, we prove that quantum erasure is an expected result of measuring entangled states, not a physical anomaly. Ultimately, through a pedagogical game, we illustrate that the illusion of retrocausality arises from asking illegitimate questions, and that a forward-in-time description is entirely sufficient to explain the logic.
The book presents a multidisciplinary analysis of the context of quantum physics experiments and the function of the human mind that makes it possible to demonstrate that an object-based model of reality formed at the level of the unconscious is the basis of our worldview. The consciousness experiences a ''time flow'' because of the specific features of perception in the form of a model with a sequential fixation of events. Together with the need to relate objects in terms of the model, this generates a space-time representation of the world around us. Acceptance of a mental character of our construct of reality allows for resolution of the problems in quantum physics and its paradoxes, thereby opening the way to an insight into reality. The presented material is organized in a specific order to facilitate the reader's understanding. First, the fact that if there are no objects in the area of quantum mechanics, then they belong to the corresponding model rather than the reality is proved by case studies of the most discussed and relevant paradoxes of quantum physics. The authors consider a topological variant in constructing an object-based space that describes the physical properties of an object that are the most verified in science and describable with mathematical relations. The functionality of the proposed construct is tested by deriving the ''laws'' of conservation of energy and momentum in a relativistic form. The book is oriented towards experts in physics and psychology, advanced students, and readers interested in state-of-the-art science and the philosophy connected to it.
Delayed choice and quantum eraser experiments have attracted much interest recently, both theoretically and experimentally. In particular, they have prompted suggestions that quantum mechanics involves acausal effects. Using a recently developed approach which takes apparatus into account, we present a detailed analysis of various double-slit experiments to show that this is never the case. Instead, quantum experiments can be described in terms of a novel concept of time called stages. These can cut across the conventional linear time parameter as experienced in the laboratory and appear to violate causality.
The Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser experiment is commonly interpreted as implying that in quantum mechanics a choice made at one time can influence an earlier event. We here suggest an extension of the experiment that results in a paradox when analysed in a local realist interpretation combined with backward causation (``dynamical retrocausality''). We argue that resolving the paradox requires giving up the idea that, in quantum mechanics, a choice can influence the past in this way, and that it instead requires a violation of Statistical Independence without (what most people think of as) retrocausality. Finally, we propose an implementation of the experiment that we believe to be possible with existing technology. This new experiment can distinguish between different types of hidden-variables theories in a way that Bell-type tests cannot: unlike in a Bell test, the measurement setting here is set by an earlier outcome, which makes the consistency of the backwards influence itself testable. We classify the fixed-point (consistency-enforcing) hidden-variables models of the experiment, which can reproduce quantum mechanics only if the backwards influence has no observable effect.
A short and informal essay proposing a modification to the delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment by including time crystals as an additional feature. The possible results or outcomes are considered including speculations on possible applications and philosophical interpretations. A proposed experiment using two observers at three points in time and a bank of delayed-choice quantum erasers each linked to a time crystal might either show we live in a multiverse, possibly send messages back in time, or redefine or even refute the current understanding of the nature of time crystals. The hope is that this proposal can help the debate over the nature of the delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment and help further clarify the nature of time crystals and even the role of conscious observers in quantum eraser experiments.