Microwave transitions and nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in anti-relaxation-coated cells

Dmitry Budker, Leo W. Hollberg, Derek F. Jackson Kimball, John E. Kitching, Szymon Pustelny, Valeriy V. Yashchuk

Published Aug 12, 2004• 0 citations

Abstract

Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts are determined for microwave transitions between ground-state hyperfine components of {sup 85}Rb and {sup 87}Rb atoms contained in vapor cells with alkane anti-relaxation coatings. The results are compared with data on Zeeman relaxation obtained in nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) experiments, a comparison important for quantitative understanding of spin-relaxation mechanisms in coated cells. By comparing cells manufactured over a forty-year period we demonstrate the long-term stability of coated cells, an important property for atomic clocks and magnetometers.

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Microwave transitions and nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in anti-relaxation-coated cells

Dmitry Budker, Leo W. Hollberg, Derek F. Jackson Kimball, John E. Kitching, Szymon Pustelny, Valeriy V. Yashchuk

Published Aug 12, 2004• 0 citations

OpenAlex

Abstract

Related papers

Microwave transitions and nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in anti-relaxation-coated cells

Dmitry Budker, Leo W. Hollberg, Derek F. Jackson Kimball +3 more

Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts are determined for microwave transitions between ground-state hyperfine components of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms contained in vapor cells with alkane antirelaxation coatings. The results are compared with data on Zeeman relaxation obtained in nonlinear magneto-optical rotation experiments, a comparison important for quantitative understanding of spin-relaxation mechanisms in coated cells. By comparing cells manufactured over a $40\text{\penalty1000-\hskip0pt}\text{year}$ period we demonstrate the long-term stability of coated cells, an important property for atomic clocks and magnetometers.Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts are determined for microwave transitions between ground-state hyperfine components of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms contained in vapor cells with alkane antirelaxation coatings. The results are compared with data on Zeeman relaxation obtained in nonlinear magneto-optical rotation experiments, a comparison important for quantitative understanding of spin-relaxation mechanisms in coated cells. By comparing cells manufactured over a $40\text{\penalty1000-\hskip0pt}\text{year}$ period we demonstrate the long-term stability of coated cells, an important property for atomic clocks and magnetometers.

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We study resonant nonlinear magneto-optic rotation (NMOR) in a paraffin-coated Rb vapor cell as the magnetic field is swept. At low sweep rates, the nonlinear rotation appears as a narrow resonance signal with a linewidth of about `` $300$ $\ensuremath{\mu}$G'' ($2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}420$ Hz). At high sweep rates, the signal shows transient response with an oscillatory decay. The decay time constant is of order $100$ ms. The behavior is different for transitions starting from the lower or the upper hyperfine level of the ground state because of optical pumping effects.We study resonant nonlinear magneto-optic rotation (NMOR) in a paraffin-coated Rb vapor cell as the magnetic field is swept. At low sweep rates, the nonlinear rotation appears as a narrow resonance signal with a linewidth of about ``$300$ $\ensuremath{\mu}$G'' ($2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}420$ Hz). At high sweep rates, the signal shows transient response with an oscillatory decay. The decay time constant is of order $100$ ms. The behavior is different for transitions starting from the lower or the upper hyperfine level of the ground state because of optical pumping effects.

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Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts are determined for microwave transitions between ground-state hyperfine components of

^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms contained in vapor cells with alkane antirelaxation coatings. The results are compared with data on Zeeman relaxation obtained in nonlinear magneto-optical rotation experiments, a comparison important for quantitative understanding of spin-relaxation mechanisms in coated cells. By comparing cells manufactured over a $40\text{\penalty1000-\hskip0pt}\text{year}$ period we demonstrate the long-term stability of coated cells, an important property for atomic clocks and magnetometers.

^{39}\mathrm{K}

atoms contained in the same paraffin-coated cell. The intrinsic hyperfine relaxation rate of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{expt}}^{\mathit{hf}}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=10.6(7)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ and a shift of $\ensuremath{-}9.1(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. These results show that adiabatic relaxation gives only a small contribution to the overall hyperfine relaxation in the case of potassium, and the relaxation is dominated by other mechanisms similar to those observed in previous studies with rubidium.

{}^{85}

Rb and

{}^{87}

Rb atoms, with an alkene antirelaxation coating. We find that the frequency shift is slightly larger than for paraffin-coated cells and that the Zeeman linewidth scales linearly with the hyperfine frequency shift.

300

$\ensuremath{\mu}$G'' ($2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}420$ Hz). At high sweep rates, the signal shows transient response with an oscillatory decay. The decay time constant is of order

100

ms. The behavior is different for transitions starting from the lower or the upper hyperfine level of the ground state because of optical pumping effects.