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Correlations and entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates (Orale)

Christoph Ira Westbrook

Published Jun 23, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Our group in Palaiseau has been perfecting techniques for creating and analyzing correlated pairs of particles created through non-linear processes in BECs. We have been studying both correlated phonons via the dynamical Casimir effect as well as correlated atoms via a process analogous to four-wave mixing. I will discuss the experimental techniques and some of our latest results.

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Correlations and entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates

Christoph Ira Westbrook

Our group in Palaiseau has been perfecting techniques for creating and analyzing correlated pairs of particles created through non-linear processes in BECs. We have been studying both correlated phonons via the dynamical Casimir effect as well as correlated atoms via a process analogous to four-wave mixing. I will discuss the experimental techniques and some of our latest results.

•Jun 23, 2014•0 citations

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It is a remarkable prediction of quantum field theory that the vacuum can generate real particles when boundary conditions are suddenly changed. Thus the 'dynamical Casimir effect' results in the spontaneous generation of photon pairs in an empty cavity with nonuniformly accelerating boundaries. Recent advances have permitted the realization of this effect, or analogs to it in a variety of systems, some of which will be discussed at this workshop. Bose Einstein condensates are attractive candidates in which to study acoustic analogs to such phenomena because their low temperatures promise to reveal quantum effects. I will discuss a recent experiment in our group to realize an acoustic analog to the dynamical Casimir effect by modulating the confinement of a Bose-Einstein condensate. We observe correlated pairs of Bogoliubov quanta, both phonon-like and particle-like, are excited by this modulation in a process that formally resembles parametric down conversion. I will discuss our current ideas on how to observe and quantify the degree of entanglement in the excitations we observe.

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In a quantum fluid such as a condensed Bose gas, elementary excitations such as phonons behave as quantized fields with dispersion relations and non-linearities that bear some resemblance to those of the electromagnetic field. The very low temperatures of these gases means that in some cases quantum fluctuations are important. Several remarkable phenomena in quantum electrodynamics have found acoustic analogs, and I will discuss two of them. The first is the dynamical Casimir effect, a prediction that the vacuum can generate real particles when boundary conditions are suddenly changed. That is, photon pairs can be spontaneously generated in an empty cavity with nonuniformly accelerating boundaries. A second is Hawking radiation. Here again photon pairs are generated at the horizon of a black hole. I will discuss how certain aspects of both these effects can be mimicked in a Bose Einstein condensate, and outline the state of the experimental art in this domain.

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Dynamical Casimir effect with Bose-Einstein condensates (Orale)

Denis Boiron, Jean-Christophe Jaskula, Raphael Lopes +4 more

•Mar 25, 2013•0 citations
Our group in Palaiseau has been perfecting techniques for creating and analyzing correlated pairs of particles created through non-linear processes in BECs. We have been studying both correlated phonons via the dynamical Casimir effect as well as correlated atoms via a process analogous to four-wave mixing. I will discuss the experimental techniques and some of our latest results.
It is a remarkable prediction of quantum field theory that the vacuum can generate real particles when boundary conditions are suddenly changed. Thus the 'dynamical Casimir effect' results in the spontaneous generation of photon pairs in an empty cavity with nonuniformly accelerating boundaries. Recent advances have permitted the realization of this effect, or analogs to it in a variety of systems, some of which will be discussed at this workshop. Bose Einstein condensates are attractive candidates in which to study acoustic analogs to such phenomena because their low temperatures promise to reveal quantum effects. I will discuss a recent experiment in our group to realize an acoustic analog to the dynamical Casimir effect by modulating the confinement of a Bose-Einstein condensate. We observe correlated pairs of Bogoliubov quanta, both phonon-like and particle-like, are excited by this modulation in a process that formally resembles parametric down conversion. I will discuss our current ideas on how to observe and quantify the degree of entanglement in the excitations we observe.
In a quantum fluid such as a condensed Bose gas, elementary excitations such as phonons behave as quantized fields with dispersion relations and non-linearities that bear some resemblance to those of the electromagnetic field. The very low temperatures of these gases means that in some cases quantum fluctuations are important. Several remarkable phenomena in quantum electrodynamics have found acoustic analogs, and I will discuss two of them. The first is the dynamical Casimir effect, a prediction that the vacuum can generate real particles when boundary conditions are suddenly changed. That is, photon pairs can be spontaneously generated in an empty cavity with nonuniformly accelerating boundaries. A second is Hawking radiation. Here again photon pairs are generated at the horizon of a black hole. I will discuss how certain aspects of both these effects can be mimicked in a Bose Einstein condensate, and outline the state of the experimental art in this domain.