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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Quantum Hologram Distillation

Jorge Fuenzalida, Marta Gilaberte Basset, Sebastian Töpfer, Fabian Steinlechner, Juan P. Torres, Markus Gräfe

Published Jan 1, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A recent holography technique based on induced coherence has been introduced. The technique uses photon pairs wherein one of them illuminates the object, and its partner is detected. The photon illuminating the object is never detected. Here we present a novel technique to distill a hologram with undetected photons.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2022.fw1a.6

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Imaging via nonlinear interferometers make use of induced coherence and take advantage of photon pair correlations to image an object without detecting the photons that illuminate the object [1]. The object's information is transferred from the photon that illuminates the object to the interference pattern of its partner photon, which is detected [2]. Spontaneous parametric down conversion allows to utilize photon pairs with large spectral separation. This fact becomes relevant if we need to image at wavelengths with detection constraints, e.g., mid-infrared, hyperspectral, or terahertz wavelengths [3], [4].
Imaging based on the induced coherence effect makes use of photon pairs to obtain information of an object without detecting the light that probes it. While one photon illuminates the object, only its partner is detected, so no measurement of coincidence events is needed. The sought-after object's information is revealed, observing a certain interference pattern on the detected photon. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that this imaging technique can be made resilient to noise. We introduce an imaging distillation approach based on the interferometric modulation of the signal of interest. We show that our scheme can generate a high-quality image of an object even against noise levels up to 250 times the actual signal of interest. We also include a detailed theoretical explanation of our findings.
Holography exploits the interference of a light field reflected/transmitted from an object with a reference beam to obtain a reconstruction of the spatial shape of the object. Classical holography techniques have been very successful in diverse areas such as microscopy, manufacturing technology, and basic science. However, detection constraints for wavelengths outside the visible range restrict the applications for imaging and sensing in general. For overcoming these detection limitations, we implement phase-shifting holography with nonclassical states of light, where we exploit quantum interference between two-photon probability amplitudes in a nonlinear interferometer. We demonstrate that it allows retrieving the spatial shape (amplitude and phase) of the photons transmitted/reflected from the object and thus obtaining an image of the object despite those photons are never detected. Moreover, there is no need to use a well-characterized reference beam, since the two-photon scheme already makes use of one of the photons as reference for holography.