Higher-Level Quantum Emulation

Naveed Mahmud, Esam El‐Araby

Quantum algorithms can be efficiently emulated on classical hardware such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), achieving significant speedup over software simulations. However, the increase in the required hardware resources for emulating quantum systems becomes a critical limitation as the number of qubits is increased. In this paper, we propose a scalable emulation framework for modeling quantum algorithms on FPGAs that employs efficient resource scheduling such as space and space-time scheduling. In addition, full floating point precision arithmetic and dataflow non-linear (dynamic) pipelining are also used to achieve higher accuracy and higher throughput. We propose scalable and optimized hardware architectures for Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) and Grover's search algorithm and demonstrate the scalability of our framework by scaling the system up to 5 fully-entangled qubits. A multi-node (multi-FPGA), state-of-the-art high-performance reconfigurable computer (HPRC) was used for implementation of the proposed architectures. Our experimental results show that by employing efficient resource scheduling techniques, the hardware resource constraints could be mitigated and the proposed emulation framework could be made feasible for emulation of more complex, larger-scale quantum algorithms while maintaining higher accuracy and throughput than existing work.

Keshav Kumar, Man Mohan Shukla

Ziyu Tao, Wenhui Huang, Jingjing Niu +23 more

The Rice−Mele model has been a seminal prototypical model for the study of topological phenomena such as Thouless pumping. Here we implement the interacting Rice−Mele model using a superconducting quantum processor comprising a one-dimensional array of 36 qutrits. By adiabatically cycling the qutrit frequencies and hopping strengths in the parametric space, we emulate the Thouless pumping of single and two bounded microwave photons along the qutrit chain. Furthermore, with strong Hubbard interaction inherent in the qutrits we also emulate the intriguing phenomena of resonant tunneling and asymmetric edge-state transport of two interacting photons. Utilizing the interactions and higher energy levels in such fully controlled synthetic quantum simulators, these results demonstrate new opportunities for exploring exotic topological phases and quantum transport phenomena using superconducting quantum circuits.

Osama M. Raisuddin, Suvranu De

Joydip Ghosh

Spin-1 systems, in comparison to spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ systems, offer a better security for encoding and transferring quantum information, primarily due to their larger Hilbert spaces. Superconducting artificial atoms possess multiple energy levels, thereby being capable of emulating higher-spin systems. Here I consider a one-dimensional lattice of nearest-neighbor-coupled superconducting transmon systems, and devise a scheme to transfer an arbitrary qutrit state (a state encoded in a three-level quantum system) across the chain. I assume adjustable couplings between adjacent transmons, derive an analytic constraint for the control pulse, and show how to satisfy the constraint to achieve a high-fidelity state transfer under current experimental conditions. My protocol thus enables enhanced quantum communication and information processing with promising superconducting qutrits.

Salvador Elías Venegas-Andraca, José Luis Gómez-Muñoz, Marco O. Lanzagorta +1 more