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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Field-based Design of a Resonant Dielectric Antenna for Coherent Spin-Photon Interfaces

Linsen Li, Hyeongrak Choi, Mikkel Heuck, Dirk Englund

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a field-based design of dielectric antennas interfacing diamond color centers with a 0.4 numerical aperture far-field Gaussian mode. This enables a highly efficient spin-photon interface with 93.2% mode overlap and 421 Purcell Factor.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.fw4i.4

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We propose a field-based design for dielectric antennas to interface diamond color centers in dielectric membranes with a Gaussian propagating far field. This antenna design enables an efficient spin-photon interface with a Purcell factor exceeding 400 and a 93% mode overlap to a 0.4 numerical aperture far-field Gaussian mode. The antenna design with the back reflector is robust to fabrication imperfections, such as variations in the dimensions of the dielectric perturbations and the emitter dipole location. The field-based dielectric antenna design provides an efficient free-space interface for closely packed arrays of quantum memories for multiplexed quantum repeaters, arrayed quantum sensors, and modular quantum computers.
We propose a field-based design for dielectric antennas to interface diamond color centers in dielectric membranes with a Gaussian propagating far field. This antenna design enables an efficient spin-photon interface with a Purcell factor exceeding 400 and a 93% mode overlap to a 0.4 numerical aperture far-field Gaussian mode. The antenna design with the back reflector is robust to fabrication imperfections, such as variations in the dimensions of the dielectric perturbations and the emitter dipole location. The field-based dielectric antenna design provides an efficient free-space interface for closely packed arrays of quantum memories for multiplexed quantum repeaters, arrayed quantum sensors, and modular quantum computers.
We present an efficient spin-photon interface for free-space vertical emission coupling. Using a dipole model, we show that our design achieves a far-field collection efficiency of 96% at the numerical aperture of 0.7 with a 95% overlap to a Gaussian mode. Our approach is based on a dual perturbation layer design. The first perturbation layer extracts and redirects the resonant mode of a diamond microdisk resonator around the optical axis. The second perturbation layer suppresses side lobes and concentrates most of the light intensity near the center. This dual-layer design enhances control over the farfield pattern and also reduces alignment sensitivity. Additionally, the implemented dipole model performs calculations 3.2 × 10 6 times faster than full-wave FDTD simulations. These features make the design promising for quantum information applications.
We propose and optimize a vertically-loaded diamond microdisk resonator (VLDMoRt) coupled to a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond for efficient collection of zero-phonon-line emission into low numerical aperture (NA) free-space modes. The VLDMoRt achieves a Purcell enhancement of 172 with 39% of the emitted light collected within a NA of 0.6, leading to a total external spin-photon collection efficiency of 0.33. As the design is compatible with established nanofabrication techniques and couples to low-NA modes accessible by cryogenic free-space optical systems, it is a promising platform for efficient spin-photon interfaces based on diamond quantum emitters.
The realization of quantum networks critically depends on establishing efficient, coherent light-matter interfaces. Optically active spins in diamond have emerged as promising quantum nodes based on their spin-selective optical transitions, long-lived spin ground states, and potential for integration with nanophotonics. Tin-vacancy (SnV -^{\,\textrm{-}}-) centers in diamond are of particular interest because they exhibit narrow-linewidth emission in nanostructures and possess long spin coherence times at temperatures above 1 K. However, a nanophotonic interface for SnV -^{\,\textrm{-}}- centers has not yet been realized. Here, we report cavity enhancement of the emission of SnV -^{\,\textrm{-}}- centers in diamond. We integrate SnV -^{\,\textrm{-}}- centers into one-dimensional photonic crystal resonators and observe a 40-fold increase in emission intensity. The Purcell factor of the coupled system is 25, resulting in channeling of the majority of photons (90%90\%90%) into the cavity mode. Our results pave the way for the creation of efficient, scalable spin-photon interfaces based on SnV -^{\,\textrm{-}}- centers in diamond.