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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Effective two-state behaviour of a collisionally perturbed Zeeman degenerate atomic transition and its application to optical bistability

R. J. Ballagh, J Cooper, Weston J. Sandle

Published Dec 28, 1981• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/14/24/527

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In real atoms, levels connected by a dipole transition contain a number of degenerate Zeeman states. Thus in practice, the phenomena of optical pumping and collisional transfer amongst states severely restrict the application of a simple two-state model. There are a number of cases, however, where the macroscopic dipole induced in an atomic gas has the same general form as predicted by the two-state model, and these are presented here. The effects of optical pumping and collisional transfer, and the implications for the description of optical bistability, are discussed. In particular, ground-state optical pumping can, under certain conditions of low perturber density, considerably reduce the power necessary to achieve bistability.
We theoretically investigate optical bistability (OB) and multistability (OM) behaviour of a closed-loop configuration atomic system driven by a degenerate coupling field and a degenerate probe field inside a unidirectional ring cavity. It is found that the OB and OM behaviour can be controlled by adjusting the intensity and the frequency detuning of the coupling field, respectively. Interestingly, our numerical results show that it is easy to realize the transition from OB to OM or vice versa by adjusting the intensity of the coupling field under a appropriate frequency detuning. The effect of the atomic cooperation parameter on the OB behaviour is also discussed.
Resonance fluorescence due to intense laser fields from a Zeeman degenerate atom being perturbed by collisional interactions is calculated in the impact regime by using the quantum-fluctuation-regression theorem. Various interesting effects are found. For example, the scattered intensity spectrum for a J=0J=0J=0 to J=1J=1J=1 transition for polarization parallel to the laser polarization is essentially an asymmetric triplet, whereas for a perpendicular polarization due to collisions the spectrum is essentially a doublet (whose frequencies do not correspond with any of those of the triplet). Further, the width of the fluorescent component (whose frequency is close to the unperturbed frequency) actually decreases with increasing laser power.