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Springer series in solid-state sciences

Recent Numerical Results on the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model

S. Sorella, Stefano Baroni A, Roberto Car, Michele Parrinello, A. Parola, E. Tosatti

Published Jan 1, 1989• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-83836-1_40

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arXiv:cond-mat/0109525•Journal of Physics Condensed Matter•Sep 27, 2001•1 citation
The spin- and density-correlation functions of the two-dimensional Hubbard model at low electronic density 〈n〉 are calculated in the ground state by using the power method, and at finite temperatures by using the quantum Monte Carlo technique. Both approaches produce similar results, which are in close agreement with numerical and high-temperature-expansion results for the two-dimensional t-J model. Using perturbative approximations, we show that the examination of the density-correlation function alone is not enough to support recent claims in the literature that suggested spin and charge separation in the low electronic density regime of the t-J model.
Recent numerical results for the single-particle spectral function and optical conductivity of the two-dimensional Hubbard and t−J models are reviewed. Already for two holes in systems of sixteen to twenty sites (≥ 10% doping) a large electronic Fermi surface, compatible with Luttinger’s theorem, is observed. The full single-particle Green’s function is examined, and is shown to exhibit quasiparticle-like behavior, with dispersion consistent with the band structure of the non-interacting limit, and band width scaling approximately as J for J smaller than t. The optical conductivity of the Hubbard and t−J models is shown to have many features in common with recent experiments on copper oxide superconductors. The importance of the often neglected 3-site terms which arise in the derivation of the t−J model from the Hubbard model for optical properties is discussed.
We derive explicit spin and charge correlation functions of the N×NN \times NN×N Hubbard model from a recently obtained weak-coupling analytic ground state $|\Q^{[0]}_{AF}\ket$. The spin correlation function shows an antiferromagnetic behaviour with different signs for the two sublattices and its Fourier tranform is peaked at ${\mathbf Q}=(\p,\p)$. The charge correlation function presents two valleys at 45 degrees from the axes. Both functions behave in a smooth way with increasing NNN; the results agree well with the available numerical data.