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Acta Physica Sinica

准Λ型四能级系统中的超窄谱线的研究

Zhang Xiang-Yang, Li Yongfang, Jianfeng Sun, Wang Yong-Chang, (1)陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,西安710062; (2)西安交通大学理学院,现代物理研究所,西安710049

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

ＷｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｎｅｗＱｕａｓｉ Λ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｆｏｕｒ ｌｅｖｅｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｂａｓｅｄｏｎａｇｅｎｅｒａｌｔｈｒｅｅ ｌｅｖｅｌΛ ｍｏｄｅｌａｎｄｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｔｈｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｔｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｓｃｏｐｙｉｎｄｅｔａｉｌ.Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｔｈｒｅｅｕｌｔｒａ ｎａｒｒｏｗｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｌｉｎｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｏｕｓｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓｐｅｃｔｒａｆｒｏｍｕｐｐｅｒｌｅｖｅｌｔｏｌｏｗｅｒ ｌｙｉｎｇｌｅｖｅｌｓｏｆｔｈｅｔｗｏｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｏｃｃｕｒｏｖｅｒａｗｉｄｅｒａｎｇｅｏｆｔｈｅｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ.Ｔｈｅａｐｐｅａｒａｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｔｈｒｅｅｕｌｔｒａ ｎａｒｒｏｗｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｌｉｎｅｓｉｓｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈＲａｂｉｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｏｆｔｈｅｔｗｏｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｉｅｌｄｓ;ａｎｄｔｈｅｌａｒｇｅｒｔｈｅＲａｂｉｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ ,ｔｈｅｎａｒｒｏｗｅｒｔｈｅｌｉｎｅｓ.Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｌｉｎｅｎａｒｒｏｗｉｎｇｄｏｅｓｎ’ｔｏｃｃｕｒｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｏｎｌｙａｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｉｅｌｄ .Ｗｈｉｌｅｔｈｅｉｎｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｔｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｃｏｌｌｉｓｉｏｎａｌｄｅｃａｙｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｅｎｅｒｇｙｌｅｖｅｌｓｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｔｈｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｎａｒｒｏｗｉｎｇｗｈｉｃｈｍａｙｂｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆｔｈｅｍｕｌｔｉ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｑｕａｎｔｕｍｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ.

DOI
10.7498/aps.51.36

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ＷｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｎｅｗＱｕａｓｉ Λ ｍｏｄｅｌ ｆｏｕｒ ｌｅｖｅｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｂａｓｅｄｏｎａｇｅｎｅｒａｌｔｈｒｅｅ ｌｅｖｅｌΛ ｍｏｄｅｌａｎｄｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｔｈｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｔｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｓｃｏｐｙｉｎｄｅｔａｉｌ.Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｔｈｒｅｅｕｌｔｒａ ｎａｒｒｏｗｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｌｉｎｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｏｕｓｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓｐｅｃｔｒａｆｒｏｍｕｐｐｅｒｌｅｖｅｌｔｏｌｏｗｅｒ ｌｙｉｎｇｌｅｖｅｌｓｏｆｔｈｅｔｗｏｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｏｃｃｕｒｏｖｅｒａｗｉｄｅｒａｎｇｅｏｆｔｈｅｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ.Ｔｈｅａｐｐｅａｒａｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｔｈｒｅｅｕｌｔｒａ ｎａｒｒｏｗｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｌｉｎｅｓｉｓｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈＲａｂｉｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｏｆｔｈｅｔｗｏｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｉｅｌｄｓ;ａｎｄｔｈｅｌａｒｇｅｒｔｈｅＲａｂｉｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ ,ｔｈｅｎａｒｒｏｗｅｒｔｈｅｌｉｎｅｓ.Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｌｉｎｅｎａｒｒｏｗｉｎｇｄｏｅｓｎ’ｔｏｃｃｕｒｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｏｎｌｙａｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｉｅｌｄ .Ｗｈｉｌｅｔｈｅｉｎｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｔｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｃｏｌｌｉｓｉｏｎａｌｄｅｃａｙｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｅｎｅｒｇｙｌｅｖｅｌｓｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｔｈｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｎａｒｒｏｗｉｎｇｗｈｉｃｈｍａｙｂｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆｔｈｅｍｕｌｔｉ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｑｕａｎｔｕｍｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ.
A quasi-lambda four-level system shows both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In addition to an optical coupling field and a probing field, there is a radio field which interacts with two excited state hyperfine levels of the quasi-lambda four-level system consisting of two excited state hyperfine levels and two ground state hyperfine levels. If a driving field which interacts with two ground state hyperfine levels is introduced, the quasi-lambda four-level system is modified to a closed-lambda four-level system. The behaviors of the driving field and radio field are studied in this paper and it is seen that the occurence of EIA or EIT and the whole probing properties are controlled by the Rabi frequencies of both driving field and radio field.
We present the results of a pump-probe laser spectroscopic investigation of the Doppler-broadened sodium D1D1D1 resonance line. We find 13 resonances in the resulting spectra. These observations are well described by the numerical predictions of a four-level atomic model of the hyperfine structure of the sodium D1D1D1 line. We also find that many, but not all, of these features can be understood in terms of processes originating in a two-level or three-level subset of the full four-level model. The processes we observed include forward near-degenerate four-wave mixing and saturation in a two-level system, difference-frequency crossing and nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a three-level V system, electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping in a three-level lambda system, cross-transition resonance in a four-level double-lambda system, and conventional optical pumping. Most of these processes lead to sub-Doppler or even subnatural linewidths. The dependence of these resonances on the pump intensity and pump detuning from atomic resonance are also studied.
讨论了在串行Λ系统中制备初态和末态的连续叠加态的方法,这种方法是部分受激拉曼绝热通道的扩充.但是它又不同于部分受激拉曼绝热通道,每个斯托克斯脉冲先行相应的泵浦脉冲,但是所有的中间脉冲提前并且同时消失,而第一束斯托克斯脉冲和最后一束泵浦脉冲稍后同时消失.应用数值方法讨论了脉冲驰豫时间和失谐量对该方法的影响.数值结果表明要制备任意的叠加态,不仅要满足双光子共振,而且要满足单光子共振.
Pump–probe spectroscopy of a four-level system (FLS) consisting of a Λ system with an additional close lying excited level is investigated. The level configuration gives rise to two simultaneously excited Λ resonances driven by the same pump and probe laser beams. Two such four-level configurations, 5s1/2F=1,2→5p1/2F′=1,2 (FLS1) and 5s1/2F=1,2→5p3/2F′=1,2 (FLS2) respectively in the D1 and D2 transitions of 87Rb, are used as model systems to study theoretically the probe absorption spectrum. It is observed that the signature of the quantum interference is dependent on the nature of the FLS; FLS1 exhibits probe amplification as against probe absorption in FLS2. This contrasting behaviour is further corroborated by analytical results, which highlight the importance of transition dipole moments, atom–field interaction parameters and incoherent decays associated with the FLS. The discussion is further augmented using quantum jump formalism, which provides useful insight into the underlying mechanism responsible for probe amplification versus absorption.