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Russian Microelectronics

Experimental diamond photonics: Current state and prospects. Part II

Alexander V. Tsukanov, I. Yu. Kateev

Published Nov 1, 2016• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The technique for fabricating microcavities from diamond and other materials is described and their main parameters are reported. The possibilities of using color centers in diamond which interact with optical cavities as single-phonon sources and in quantum information processing are discussed. Several variants of integration of the color centers with high- Q cavities are considered.

DOI
10.1134/s1063739716060081

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The technique for fabricating microcavities from diamond and other materials is described and their main parameters are reported. The possibilities of using color centers in diamond which interact with optical cavities as single-phonon sources and in quantum information processing are discussed. Several variants of integration of the color centers with high- Q cavities are considered.
Diamond is a leading contender as the material of choice for the quantum computer industry. This potential arises mainly from the quantum properties of color centers in diamond. However, before diamond can realize its full potential, the technology to fabricate and sculpt diamond as well as, if not better than, silicon must be developed. A comprehensive processing capability for diamond that will allow the fabrication of qubits and their associated photonic structures is required. Here we describe the remarkable properties of diamond color centers, and the techniques being developed to engineer qubits and sculpt monolithic structures around them. Finally we outline some of the new proposals that use engineered diamond to realize tasks not possible with existing technologies.
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The past decade has seen great advances in developing color centers in diamond for sensing, quantum information processing, and tests of quantum foundations. Increasingly, the success of these applications as well as fundamental investigations of light-matter interaction depend on improved control of optical interactions with color centers -- from better fluorescence collection to efficient and precise coupling with confined single optical modes. Wide ranging research efforts have been undertaken to address these demands through advanced nanofabrication of diamond. This review will cover recent advances in diamond nano- and microphotonic structures for efficient light collection, color center to nanocavity coupling, hybrid integration of diamond devices with other material systems, and the wide range of fabrication methods that have enabled these complex photonic diamond systems.
The exploitation of emerging quantum technologies requires efficient fabrication of key building blocks. Sources of single photons are extremely important across many applications as they can serve as vectors for quantum information—thereby allowing long-range (perhaps even global-scale) quantum states to be made and manipulated for tasks such as quantum communication or distributed quantum computation. At the single-emitter level, quantum sources also afford new possibilities in terms of nanoscopy and bio-marking. Color centers in diamond are prominent candidates to generate and manipulate quantum states of light, as they are a photostable solid-state source of single photons at room temperature. In this review, we discuss the state of the art of diamond-based single-photon emitters and highlight their fabrication methodologies. We present the experimental techniques used to characterize the quantum emitters and discuss their photophysical properties. We outline a number of applications including quantum key distribution, bio-marking and sub-diffraction imaging, where diamond-based single emitters are playing a crucial role. We conclude with a discussion of the main challenges and perspectives for employing diamond emitters in quantum information processing.