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Quantum Non-Locality Based on Finite-Speed Causal Influences Leads to Superluminal Signalling

Jean-Daniel Bancal

Published Nov 22, 2013• 20 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-01183-7_10

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THFR-E3: Experimental Constraints on Finite-Speed Hidden-Influence Models and the Premetric Bell/EPR Architecture of THFR

Vadym Semenov

Bell experiments constrain local/common-cause explanations of quantum correlations under the corresponding assumptions. A distinct experimental program tests a more specific class of models in which the observed nonlocal correlations are explained by a hidden causal influence propagating in a preferred frame between spatially separated events at a finite superluminal speed c<v<∞. Yin et al. obtained a lower bound of order 104c for the corresponding finite-speed preferred-frame model; Bancal et al. showed that, for the finite-speed causal-influence model class they studied, choosing an arbitrarily large but finite v does not remove the problem of operational superluminal signalling; Santamaria Amato et al. demonstrated a tabletop feasibility speed-bound scheme in the CMB frame; Li, Hu, Deng, and Scarani proposed cluster-state witnesses for a more direct test of finite-speed hidden-influence models. The present work examines how this experimentally tested model class relates to the current Bell/EPR interpretation of the Theory of Harmonic Field Resonance (THFR). The central structural comparison is that, in THFR, the Bell/EPR correlation is not modelled as a hidden influence propagating from one already realized detector event to another through effective spacetime. Therefore, experimental lower bounds on finite-speed hidden influence are not lower bounds on a fundamental “THFR Bell speed.” For the purposes of this work, a structural class of Bell/EPR models compatible with the current THFR causal architecture is defined. At the level of the Bell-binding mechanism, this class is disjoint by construction from the finite-speed hidden-influence class, because the latter requires a finite superluminal propagation parameter v and a corresponding influence-cone structure, whereas the THFR class does not employ such objects for Bell binding. The established correspondence has the epistemic status EXTERNAL STRUCTURAL CORRESPONDENCE. The work is a theoretical model-class comparison and does not present a quantitative derivation of Bell statistics from the mathematical apparatus of THFR.

•Aug 13, 2026•0 citations

The standard no-signalling constraints in Bell scenarios are neither sufficient nor necessary for preventing superluminal signalling with general interventions

V. Vilasini, Roger Colbeck

Non-classical correlations resulting from entangled quantum systems have sparked debates about the compatibility of quantum theory and relativity, and about the right way to think about causation. Key to a causal theory is that superluminal signalling is forbidden, which holds in quantum theory. In Bell scenarios, relativistic causality principles like no superluminal signalling are often assumed to follow from the standard no-signalling constraints on correlations. We explore the connections between a range of relativistic principles, including no superluminal signalling and no causal loops, and constraints on correlations that can arise with arbitrary interventions, within multi-party Bell scenarios. This includes standard no-signalling conditions and proposed relaxations allowing phenomena like jamming, where it was suggested that superluminal signalling and causal loops remain impossible. Using our recent framework combining relativistic principles with causal modelling, we show that any theory (classical or non-classical) allowing jamming must rely on causal fine-tuning and superluminal causal influences. Additionally, we show that jamming theories can lead to superluminal signalling in certain situations, highlighting limitations for their physicality. However, we identify cases where jamming correlations avoid superluminal signalling under general interventions, demonstrating that standard no-signalling constraints are not necessary for this purpose. We also show that these constraints are insufficient to rule out superluminal signalling and are neither necessary nor sufficient for ensuring no causal loops under general interventions. Finally, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for ruling out superluminal signalling and operationally detectable causal loops, solidifying our understanding of relativistic causality principles in information processing tasks in space-time.

arXiv:2311.18465•Nov 30, 2023•0 citations
Bell experiments constrain local/common-cause explanations of quantum correlations under the corresponding assumptions. A distinct experimental program tests a more specific class of models in which the observed nonlocal correlations are explained by a hidden causal influence propagating in a preferred frame between spatially separated events at a finite superluminal speed c<v<∞. Yin et al. obtained a lower bound of order 104c for the corresponding finite-speed preferred-frame model; Bancal et al. showed that, for the finite-speed causal-influence model class they studied, choosing an arbitrarily large but finite v does not remove the problem of operational superluminal signalling; Santamaria Amato et al. demonstrated a tabletop feasibility speed-bound scheme in the CMB frame; Li, Hu, Deng, and Scarani proposed cluster-state witnesses for a more direct test of finite-speed hidden-influence models. The present work examines how this experimentally tested model class relates to the current Bell/EPR interpretation of the Theory of Harmonic Field Resonance (THFR). The central structural comparison is that, in THFR, the Bell/EPR correlation is not modelled as a hidden influence propagating from one already realized detector event to another through effective spacetime. Therefore, experimental lower bounds on finite-speed hidden influence are not lower bounds on a fundamental “THFR Bell speed.” For the purposes of this work, a structural class of Bell/EPR models compatible with the current THFR causal architecture is defined. At the level of the Bell-binding mechanism, this class is disjoint by construction from the finite-speed hidden-influence class, because the latter requires a finite superluminal propagation parameter v and a corresponding influence-cone structure, whereas the THFR class does not employ such objects for Bell binding. The established correspondence has the epistemic status EXTERNAL STRUCTURAL CORRESPONDENCE. The work is a theoretical model-class comparison and does not present a quantitative derivation of Bell statistics from the mathematical apparatus of THFR.
Non-classical correlations resulting from entangled quantum systems have sparked debates about the compatibility of quantum theory and relativity, and about the right way to think about causation. Key to a causal theory is that superluminal signalling is forbidden, which holds in quantum theory. In Bell scenarios, relativistic causality principles like no superluminal signalling are often assumed to follow from the standard no-signalling constraints on correlations. We explore the connections between a range of relativistic principles, including no superluminal signalling and no causal loops, and constraints on correlations that can arise with arbitrary interventions, within multi-party Bell scenarios. This includes standard no-signalling conditions and proposed relaxations allowing phenomena like jamming, where it was suggested that superluminal signalling and causal loops remain impossible. Using our recent framework combining relativistic principles with causal modelling, we show that any theory (classical or non-classical) allowing jamming must rely on causal fine-tuning and superluminal causal influences. Additionally, we show that jamming theories can lead to superluminal signalling in certain situations, highlighting limitations for their physicality. However, we identify cases where jamming correlations avoid superluminal signalling under general interventions, demonstrating that standard no-signalling constraints are not necessary for this purpose. We also show that these constraints are insufficient to rule out superluminal signalling and are neither necessary nor sufficient for ensuring no causal loops under general interventions. Finally, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for ruling out superluminal signalling and operationally detectable causal loops, solidifying our understanding of relativistic causality principles in information processing tasks in space-time.