Elementary Cases

MASSIMO RUDAN

Yosuke Morita, Sei-ichiro Suga, A. Okiji

Elementary excitations for the integrable spin-S antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with an impurity spin are investigated by using the Bethe ansatz solution. Dressed holes are introduced in order to describe the elementary excitation. The characteristic energy dependence of the spectral density for the elementary excitation at zero temperature is discussed in connection with behaviour patterns of physical quantities. We extend our calculation for the elementary excitation to the case of finite temperatures, applying the method developed by Yang and Yang for one-dimensional interacting boson systems. At finite temperatures, in the case where , the spectral density shows a divergence property at zero excitation energy irrespective of the temperature, whereas in the case where , the peak structure develops in the low-energy region as the temperature is decreased.

Stephen J. Gustafson, Israel Michael Sigal

Sergiy Melnyk, Игорь Георгиевич Тулузов

A new constructivist approach to modeling in economics and theory of consciousness is proposed. The state of elementary object is defined as a set of its measurable consumer properties. A proprietor's refusal or consent for the offered transaction is considered as a result of elementary economic measurement. Elementary (indivisible) technology, in which the object's consumer values are variable, in this case can be formalized as a generalized economic measurement. The algebra of such measurements has been constructed. It has been shown that in the general case the quantum-mechanical formalism of the theory of selective measurements is required for description of such conditions. The economic analogs of the elementary slit experiments in physics have been created. The proposed approach can be also used for consciousness modeling.

Alexey L. Krugly

I suppose that quantum objects obey elementary probability theory. I consider a connection of elementary probability theory and complex quantum amplitudes by a matrix calculus. A special case of a discrete pregeometry is an example of this approach.

Stephen J. Gustafson, Israel Michael Sigal