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Physical Review A

Triggered superradiance

Christoph H. Keitel, Marlan O. Scully, Georg Süssmann

Published Mar 1, 1992• 24 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By applying microwave pulses to the two lower levels of three-level atoms in the ssV configuration, the collective state vector can be switched from forbidden to allowed transitions. This means that we can, in effect, switch the superradiant and subradiant processes from off to on and vice versa.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.45.3242

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This paper is the first of a sequence of four papers devoted to the theoretical study of subradiance, i.e. of the cooperative inhibition of spontaneous emission, a phenomenon which has been recently observed. It is shown, in the typical example of a pencil-shaped sample of three-level atoms in the 'V' configuration (two transitions sharing a common lower level), that the system can spontaneously reach a state in which the emission in the so-called 'end-fire' superradiant field modes is cooperatively inhibited; this occurs for initially uncorrelated atoms when the initial state is a statistical mixing of the two upper states. The whole study is centered on the concept of destructive interatomic interference and it is therefore based on the symmetry properties of the collective atomic state with respect to the permutations of locally indistinguishable atoms. Semiclassical and fully quantum-mechanical models are used in turn. The obstacles to the interatomic interference and thus to subradiance are finally discussed.
Recent work has shown that collective single photon emission from an ensemble of resonate two-level atoms, i.e., single photon superradiance, is a rich field of study. The present Letter addresses the flip side of superradiance, i.e., subradiance. Single photon subradiant states are potentially stable against collective spontaneous emission and can have ultrafast readout. In particular it is shown how many atom collective effects provide a new way to control spontaneous emission by preparing and switching between subradiant and superradiant states.