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Physical Review Letters

Bright Squeezing

F. A. M. de Oliveira, P. L. Knight

Published Aug 15, 1988• 33 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show how the squeezed vacuum fields generated in collective fluorescence within a high-finesse cavity can be transformed into squeezed coherent states with high brightness but with the same degree of noise suppression. The transformation is achieved by an injected signal which creates a mean polarization and by squeezing in the high, rather than the low branch of the optical bistable collective radiation.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.61.830

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We show how the squeezed vacuum fields generated in collective fluorescence within a high-finesse cavity can be transformed into squeezed coherent states with high brightness but with the same degree of noise suppression. The transformation is achieved by an injected signal which creates a mean polarization and by squeezing in the high, rather than the low branch of the optical bistable collective radiation.
We show how the squeezed vacuum fields generated in collective fluorescence within a high-finesse cavity can be transformed into squeezed coherent states with high brightness but with the same degree of noise suppression. The transformation is achieved by an injected signal that creates a mean polarization and squeezing in the high rather than the low branch of the optical bistable collective radiation. Analytical expressions are obtained for the limit of weak excitation of the atomic media. Comparisons with results obtained using rigged-reservoir theories and also from a multi- stage attenuator are made. The limitations of the model are discussed.
Experiments to generate squeezed states of light are described for a collection of two-level atoms within a high-finesse cavity. The investigation is conducted in a regime for which the weak-field coupling of atoms to the cavity mode produces a splitting in the normal mode structure of the atom–field system that is large compared with the atomic linewidth. Reductions in photocurrent noise of 30% (−1.55 dB) below the noise level set by the vacuum state of the field are observed in a balanced homodyne detector. A degree of squeezing of approximately 50% is inferred for the field state in the absence of propagation and detection losses. The observed spectrum of squeezing extends over a very broad range of frequencies (~±75 MHz), with the frequency of best squeezing corresponding to an offset from the optical carrier given by the normal mode splitting.
A new regime for the generation of squeezed states of the electromagnetic field is described for a collection of atoms within a high-finesse cavity. The process responsible for squeezing is a coupling-induced splitting in the normal-mode structure of the atom-field system. A theoretical analysis is presented that predicts large degrees of squeezing for modest operating conditions. An experimental investigation of this regime has produced noise reductions of 30% relative to the vacuum noise level.
We consider a two-level atom in an optical cavity driven by a coherent field and coupled to broadband squeezed vacuum. In the bad-cavity limit, the cavity field can be adiabatically eliminated, leaving equations of motion for atomic operators similar to those of free-space resonance fluorescence. We calculate the incoherent spectrum of the fluorescent light field and find that the cavity-enhanced spontaneous emission can be suppressed, and a subnatural linewidth obtained, for the correct choice of the phase of the squeezed input relative to the coherent driving field.
We study the generation of atomic-squeezed states in an optical cavity. The cavity encloses a pair of two-level atoms and is coupled to a broadband squeezed vacuum. Using the bad-cavity limit, cavity field is adiabatically eliminated to obtain the equations of motion for collective atomic operators. These equations are then employed to obtain the atomic density-matrix elements and to study the generation of atomic-squeezed states in the steady state. To characterize atomic-squeezed states we use the squeezing parameter defined recently by Wineland et al. [Phys. Rev. A 46, 6797 (1992)] for spectroscopic purposes. The aforementioned parameter is also compared with the squeezing parameter obtained from the uncertainty principle satisfied by the collective atomic operators. We show that in a cavity arrangement, unlike free space, atomic-squeezed states can be generated only for a restricted range of values of the parameters \ensuremath{\lambda} and N which characterize the cavity and the squeezed field driving the cavity, respectively. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.