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The European Physical Journal D

Observation of bistability in a perturbed magneto-optical trap

David Wilkowski, Jean Claude Garreau, Daniel Hennequin

Published Jan 1, 1998• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

\n \nWe report on the experimental observation of bistability in a\nmagneto-optical trap perturbed by a focalized laser beam. This bistability\nis theoretically interpreted by studing the atomic losses induced by the\nperturbing beam. Comparison with a Monte Carlo model allows us to deduce the\ntrap capture velocity along the perturbing beam.\n\n\n

DOI
10.1007/s100530050125

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\n \nWe report on the experimental observation of bistability in a\nmagneto-optical trap perturbed by a focalized laser beam. This bistability\nis theoretically interpreted by studing the atomic losses induced by the\nperturbing beam. Comparison with a Monte Carlo model allows us to deduce the\ntrap capture velocity along the perturbing beam.\n\n\n
Here, we present our studies on intra-trap dynamics of an optical dipole trap (ODT) loaded from a Magneto-optical trap (MOT) of 87^{87}87Rb atoms. A spatio-temporal Monte Carlo (MC) simulation approach has been employed in conjunction with the semi-classical theory based calculations for estimation of various intra-trap two-body loss parameters in the ODT. The temporal MC method based on estimated parameters from spatial MC, gives a close estimation of the experimentally observed atom-number evolution in ODT. We also find that, the decay rate of atoms in an ODT is dominated by momentum-transfer elastic collisions in the absence of MOT beams. However, in presence of MOT beams, the radiative escape process is the dominant two-body loss mechanism in the trap, which surpasses the fine-structure changing and hyperfine changing collisional losses by nearly an order of magnitude.
ABSTRACT We present our studies on intra‐trap dynamics of an optical dipole trap loaded from a Magneto‐optical trap of atoms. A spatio‐temporal Monte Carlo simulation approach has been employed in conjunction with the semi‐classical theory based calculations for the estimation of various intra‐trap two‐body loss parameters in the optical dipole trap. Our methodology gives a close estimation of the experimentally observed the atom‐number evolution in the optical dipole trap. We also find that, the decay rate of atoms in an optical dipole trap is dominated by momentum‐transfer elastic collisions due to the absence of Magneto‐optical trap beams. However, in presence of Magneto‐optical trap beams, the radiative escape process is the dominant two‐body loss mechanism in the trap, which surpasses the fine‐structure changing and hyperfine changing collisional losses by nearly an order of magnitude.
We experimentally investigate one-dimensional (1D) expansion of a cold cloud of cesium atoms in orthogonal 2D configuration of near resonant laser beams by temporally modulating a pair of counterpropagating trapping beams of a magneto-optical trap (MOT). The cloud is observed to undergo ballistic expansion followed by superballistic explosive growth due to the fluctuations of the 2D radiation force. A model based on the theory of Brownian motion is developed and a comparison of experiments with theory is shown to provide a direct measure of the velocity diffusion coefficient. We also observe sudden contraction of the cloud immediately after switching off the pair of trapping beams, which provides direct evidence for the existence of the radiation trapping force in a MOT.
The effect of transverse intensity variation on the various instabilities associated with optical bistability seems to be catastrophic in the case of pure absorptive bistability1,2 but benign in the mixed absorptive-dispersive case.2,3 In particular, recent results of Lugiato et al.2 indicate that the mean-field single-mode instability is not destroyed by the assumption of a Gaussian transverse intensity profile, and that it should be observable for experimentally accessible parameter values. Stimulated by these results, we have looked for and observed self-pulsing due to the single-mode instability in the predicted region of parameter space.