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Optical Fiber Communication Conference

Core and Wavelength Allocation of Sending-or-not-sending Quantum Key Distribution for Future Metropolitan Networks over Multicore Fiber

Weiwen Kong, Yongmei Sun, Yaoxian Gao, Yuefeng Ji

Published Jan 1, 2022• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose core and wavelength allocation schemes of SNS-QKD for future metropolitan transmission over multicore fiber. Experiments verify that the proposed schemes can suppress noise photons up to 57.54% compared to conventional channel allocation.
DOI
10.1364/ofc.2022.th2a.37

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To address the problem of different security requirements for services, we use both the most widely used BB84 and the sending or not sending (SNS) protocol with higher security in the quantum key distribution (QKD) network over multicore fiber. Since SNS involves multiple links, communication node pairs will affect each other will affect each other when assigning channels, which will reduce the secure key rate. In this paper, we propose a resource assignment scheme for reducing the impact between links in which we define the impact rate to evaluate the impact of each wavelength. The simulation results show that the secret key rate per link is improved by 101.72 % compared with the first-fit algorithm.
To ensure the security of optical networks in the future, integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) with optical networks is one of the solutions. Moreover, the optical network based on multi-core fiber (MCF) is also one of the ways to improve the transmission capacity. Therefore, we study the integration of QKD into MCF-enabled optical networks. Aiming at the resource allocation problem of MCF-enabled wavelength division multiplexing optical networks, this paper proposes a resource allocation scheme which is suitable for independent-core-transmission of classical signals and quantum signals. For core resource, we propose the alternate core allocation algorithm. For wavelength resource, we propose the iteration-based wavelength allocation algorithm. The overall scheme uses the proposed two algorithms to first allocate the core and then allocate the wavelength. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a great improvement in secret key rate (SKR) compared with the benchmark scheme on the regular hexagonal 7-core fiber and 19-core fiber. And the proposed scheme still has good performance under long transmission distance and high classical signal power.
In this paper, we investigate the impact of classical optical communications in quantum key distribution (QKD) over hollow-core fiber (HCF), multi-core fiber (MCF) and single-core fiber (SCF) and propose wavelength allocation schemes to enhance QKD performance. Firstly, we theoretically analyze noise interference in QKD over HCF, MCF and SCF, such as spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS) and four-wave mixing (FWM). To mitigate these noise types and optimize QKD performance, we propose a joint noise suppression wavelength allocation (JSWA) scheme. FWM noise suppression wavelength allocation and Raman noise suppression wavelength allocation are also proposed for comparison. The JSWA scheme indicates a significant enhancement in extending the simultaneous transmission distance of classical signals and QKD, reaching approximately 100 km in HCF and 165 km in MCF under a classical power per channel of 10 dBm. Therefore, MCF offers a longer secure transmission distance compared with HCF when classical signals and QKD coexist in the C-band. However, when classical signals are in the C-band and QKD operates in the O-band, the performance of QKD in HCF surpasses that in MCF. This research establishes technical foundations for the design and deployment of QKD optical networks.
The convergence of quantum key distribution (QKD) with classical optical networks represents a pivotal advancement in secure communication technologies. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a resource allocation framework for co-transmitting QKD and classical signals through multicore fiber (MCF). We first analyze theoretical model characterizing inter-core noise interference mechanisms between classical and quantum channels over MCF. Building on this analysis, a noise-aware spatial-spectral resource allocation scheme is proposed, coordinating resources across two dimensions: core allocation via a Cartesian coordinate-based hierarchy ensures universal compatibility with arbitrary MCF configurations, while adaptive wavelength assignment dynamically suppresses single or dual noise sources. Experimental validation demonstrates the scheme's superior noise suppression capabilities and enhanced secure key rates compared to benchmark approaches, achieving reductions of ⩾ 4.2 dB in noise photons and improvements of ⩾ 10 kbps in secure key rate. This work establishes a practical foundation for implementing QKD networks within existing fiber infrastructure, advancing the realization of scalable quantum-classical coexistance.