I propose a quantum-like approach to the description of melody perception where classic intervals that constitute a melody are replaced by acoustical qubits, i.e. two-level acoustic systems, using Shepard tones for this purpose. Each of such qubits is considered to be a superposition of two intervals, ascending and descending, that form an octave when put together. Any melody perception can thus be treated analogously to a sequence of quantum measurements. Because of an acoustical collapse, analogous to the wave function reduction in quantum mechanics, just a single interval, ascending or descending, can be heard each time. Different melodies generated by the same sequence of acoustical qubits can be then perceived.
I propose a quantum-like approach to the description of melody perception where classic intervals that constitute a melody are replaced by acoustical qubits, i.e. two-level acoustic systems, using Shepard tones for this purpose. Each of such qubits is considered to be a superposition of two intervals, ascending and descending, that form an octave when put together. Any melody perception can thus be treated analogously to a sequence of quantum measurements. Because of an acoustical collapse, analogous to the wave function reduction in quantum mechanics, just a single interval, ascending or descending, can be heard each time. Different melodies generated by the same sequence of acoustical qubits can be then perceived.
A quantum mechanical approach to the psychoacoustic effect of Shepard tones has been explored. Melodic intervals are represented by qubits. The phenomenon of bistable perception of intervals and their acoustic collapse has been considered and described in the language of quantum mechanics. It is shown that the perception of intervals can be understood as a result of measuring the standard basis vector in different bases rotated in a plane of the chroma circle. For comparison, the Stern-Gerlach and photon polarization experiments have been cited to show an analogy. A quantum analog of the Shepard interval source, with a photonic random number generator, has been proposed. The topic of quantum entanglement transferred to the field of sound and psychoacoustics is also discussed. Based on quantum-like calculations, it has been shown how disturbances in time coherence between the playing of different music band members could affect the modification of the melody.
Quantum mechanical systems exist as superpositions of complementary states that collapse to classical, concrete states upon becoming entangled with the measurement apparatus of observer-participants. A musical composition its performance constitute a quantum system. and Historically, conventional musical notation has presented the appearance of a composition as a deterministic, concrete entity, with interpretation approached as an extrinsic act. This historical perspective inhabits a subspace of the available quantum space. A quantum musical system unifies the composition, instruments, situated performance and perception as a superposition of musical events that collapses to concrete musical events via the interactions and perceptions of performers and audience. A composer captures superposed musical events via implicit or explicit conditional event probabilities, and human and/or machine performers create music by collapsing interrelated probabilities to zeros and ones via observer-participancy.
Concepts and formalism from acoustics are often used to exemplify quantum mechanics. Conversely, quantum mechanics could be used to achieve a new perspective on acoustics, as shown by Gabor studies. Here, we focus in particular on the study of human voice, considered as a probe to investigate the world of sounds. We present a theoretical framework that is based on observables of vocal production, and on some measurement apparati that can be used both for analysis and synthesis. In analogy to the description of spin states of a particle, the quantum-mechanical formalism is used to describe the relations between the fundamental states associated with phonetic labels such as phonation, turbulence, and slow myoelastic vibrations. The intermingling of these states, and their temporal evolution, can still be interpreted in the Fourier/Gabor plane, and effective extractors can be implemented. This would constitute the basis for a Quantum Vocal Theory of sound, with implications in sound analysis and design.
The public usually regards quantum computing as an esoteric and unrealistic cutting-edge technology and struggles to comprehend its internal operating mechanism. From the perspectives of human cognitive limitation, wave function collapse and the parallel evolution of quantum wave superposition, this paper distinguishes the essential difference between classical computing and quantum computing. Human senses can only perceive the macroscopic definite state after wave function collapse, which gives rise to binary 0-1 logic, Boolean rules and classical serial computing. Free from wave function collapse caused by artificial observation, quantum computing follows the intrinsic laws of wave superposition and coherent interference of the universe and possesses the innate endowment of parallel computing. It is further demonstrated that mathematics and geometry are not a priori axiom systems, but simplified expressions abstracted and solidified by humans from the law of cosmic wave superposition. With the help of macroscopic energy conversion and the traditional metaphor of "one day in heaven equals one year on earth", the internal correlation between microscopic quantum evolution and macroscopic space-time perception is connected. The research shows that quantum computing is not a black technology against common sense, but merely returns to the inherent operation rules of underlying wave dynamics in the physical world. Human conventional cognition and classical computing system are only simplified simulation paradigms formed to adapt to the constraints of human perception.
Abstract Some versions of quantum theory treat wave function collapse as a fundamental physical phenomenon to be described by explicit laws. One motivation is to find a consistent unification of quantum theory and gravity, in which collapse prevents superpositions of space-times from developing. Another is to invoke collapse to explain our perception of definite measurement outcomes. Combining these motivations while avoiding two different collapse postulates seems to require that perceptibly different physical states necessarily create significantly different mass distributions in our organs of perception or brains. This chapter notes problems with earlier analyses which cast some doubt on the claim that there are collapse model parameters consistent with known experiment that imply collapse times within the human eye fast enough to be consistent with our perceptions.
Quantum decoherence in all its locus of essence, and expression is the loss of coherence or ordering of the phase angles between the components of a system in a quantum superposition. Detrimental ramifications, and pernicious implications of this dephasing leads to classical or probabilistically additive behavior. Quantum decoherence gives the appearance of wave function collapse (the reduction of the physical possibilities into a single possibility as seen by an observer. Here it is to be noted that perception is not the reality and what you see is not what you see ;what you do not see is what you do not see; what you see is what you do not see ;and what you do not see is what you see.)… Thus in all its wide ranging manifestations, it justifies the propositional subsistence and corporeal reality that justifies the framework and intuition of classical physics as an acceptable approximation: decoherence is the mechanism by which the classical limit emerges out of a perceptual field of quantum starting point and it determines the location of the quantum-classical boundary. Decoherence occurs when a system interacts with its environment in a thermodynamically irreversible way. This prevents transitive states, substantive sub states and determinate orientation different elements in the quantum superposition of the system and environment's wavefunction from interfering with each other. Decoherence has been a subject of active research since the 1980s. Decoherence can be viewed as the principal frontier of diurnal dynamics that results in loss of information from a system into the environment (often modeled as a heat bath), since every system is loosely coupled with the energetic state of its surroundings, with particularistic predicational pronouncements. . Viewed in isolation, the system's dynamics are non-unitary (although the combined system plus environment evolves in a unitary fashion). Thus, the dynamics of the system aphorism and anecdote of the system alone are irreversible. As with any coupling, entanglements are generated in its theme and potentialities between the system and environment, which have the effect of sharing quantum information with—or transferring it to—the surroundings. It is a blatant and flagrant misconception that collapse of wave function is attributable and ascribable to wave function collapse; Decoherence does not generate actual wave function collapse. It only provides an explanation for the appearance of the wavefunction collapse, as the quantum nature of the system leaks into the environment. So, the wave function collapse is the figment of the observer’s imagination, product of puerile prognostication and resultant orientationality of his phantasmagoria. One cannot have the apodictic knowledge of reality that is; components of the wavefunction are decoupled from a coherent system, and acquire phases from their immediate surroundings. A total superposition of the global or universal wavefunction still exists (and remains coherent at the global level), but its ultimate fate remains an interpretational issue. This is a very important pharisaical provenience and plagenetious precocity with all the disembodied resemblances of the system in total form; specifically, decoherence does not attempt to explain the measurement problem. Rather, decoherence provides an explanation for the transition of the system to a mixture of states that seem to correspond to those states observers perceive. Moreover, our observation tells us that this mixture looks like a proper quantum ensemble in a measurement situation, as we observe that measurements lead to the of precisely one state in the ensemble.Decoherence represents a challenge for the practical realization of quantum computers, since they are expected to rely heavily on the undisturbed evolution of quantum coherences. Simply put; they require that coherent states be preserved and that decoherence is managed, in order to actually perform quantum computation. In the following we give a model for decoherence of the environment, coupled quantum states, at determinate and differential levels ,internal resonance in coupled spin systems, and the conflict in the Quantum state operations and decoupling. KEY WORDS Coupled quantum states, Quantum mechanics