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Physics

Sizing Up the Potential of Quantum Batteries

Sourav Bhattacharjee

Published Apr 4, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new study has quantified the maximum speedup of a battery's charging time that can be achieved through quantum effects.
DOI
10.1103/physics.15.50

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We study the charging performance of a one-dimensional many-body bosonic quantum battery coupled to a harmonic-oscillator charger. In the weak-coupling regime, we show that the battery--charger dynamics can be accurately described by an effective two-level model, which predicts the resonance condition, optimal charging time, stored work, ergotropy, and charging power. We demonstrate that tuning the charger frequency to the interaction-shifted resonance enables complete energy transfer and maximum extractable work. A many-body charging advantage is observed: increasing the particle number reduces the quantum speed-limit time and enhances the charging power with a characteristic NB\sqrt{N_B}NB​​ scaling. We further introduce a decomposition of the switching cost into resonance-shifting and excitation contributions, allowing us to quantify the energetic overhead associated with the charging process. Owing to the small charging cost relative to the available charger energy, stronger battery--charger couplings can be employed to significantly boost the charging power while maintaining a low excitation cost. Our results highlight the role of resonance engineering and many-body effects in designing fast and efficient quantum batteries, and provide a promising route toward their realization in ultracold-atom platforms.
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