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Optics Communications

Security enhanced optical image cryptosystem based on phase encoding by generating a sparse volumetric ciphertext

Mingguang Shan, Jianchao Guo, Zhi Zhong, Bin Liu, Lei Yu, Lei Liu

Published Apr 6, 2022• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2022.128270

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Abstract A camouflaged cryptosystem based on optical diffractive imaging is proposed in this paper. During the encryption process, a camouflaged image is first encoded into an intensity image by optical diffractive imaging, which is stored and transmitted as a fake ciphertext. Then a secret image is encoded into two generated phase masks(GPMs) with the fake ciphertext as the amplitude constraint by cascading phase encoding. The ciphertext and random phase masks(RPMs) used in the optical diffractive imaging are transmitted to the receivers via a common channel, while GPMs are transmitted via a private channel. The common channel can be accessed by both authorized receivers and potential illegal intruders. Therefore, illegal intruders can just obtain the camouflaged image by the fake ciphertext and RPMs, while only authorized receivers with the fake ciphertext and GPMs can retrieve the secret image. The decoded camouflaged image would confuse the illegal users and provide additional security protection for the secret image. The feasibility and security of this cryptosystem would by verified by several simulation experiments.
Cryptanalysis revealed a security flaw in the double random phase encoding (DRPE) system, and the original image was recovered via a ciphertext-only attack. In this paper, a nonergodic scrambling phase mask (NESPM) is designed, and a security-enhanced cryptosystem is established by replacing the bonded random phase mask (RPM) in the DRPE system with the designed NESPM. The original image in the security-enhanced cryptosystem is optically scrambled at "macropixel" level by the bonded NESPM, instead of being diffused by the RPM, as in the DRPE system. Due to such a scrambling operation, the ergodic property of the Fourier-plane speckle pattern in the designed cryptosystem is removed, and the original image cannot be recovered via the attack. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed cryptosystem is resistant to the attack. Security enhancement is achieved.