The recent expansion of the Internet of things (IoT) and its applications continues to dramatically change the IT services supporting manufacturing, energy management, intelligent transportation, smart cities, etc. These IT services often interconnect Internet-based Cloud systems with IoT or intelligent smart devices held by organisations. As IoT devices are resource-limited, the security of their communication is provided by lightweight cryptography that could consequently lead to the devices being insecure against a quantum adversary. On the other hand, Internet Cloud systems are resource-rich and could easily support post-quantum cryptography. This paper presents a proxy re-encryption scheme that translates ciphertexts of a classical lightweight encryption algorithm into their post quantum equivalent and vice versa. More precisely, we propose a lattice-based ABE-IBE (L ABE-IBE) proxy re-encryption scheme that transforms a classical lightweight ciphertext into a lattice based ciphertext. We compare our proposed L ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption scheme with classical proxy re-encryption (ABEIBE) schemes. We discuss the security and efficiency of our construction.
The recent expansion of the Internet of things (IoT) and its applications continues to dramatically change the IT services supporting manufacturing, energy management, intelligent transportation, smart cities, etc. These IT services often interconnect Internet-based Cloud systems with IoT or intelligent smart devices held by organisations. As IoT devices are resource-limited, the security of their communication is provided by lightweight cryptography that could consequently lead to the devices being insecure against a quantum adversary. On the other hand, Internet Cloud systems are resource-rich and could easily support post-quantum cryptography. This paper presents a proxy re-encryption scheme that translates ciphertexts of a classical lightweight encryption algorithm into their post quantum equivalent and vice versa. More precisely, we propose a lattice-based ABE-IBE (L ABE-IBE) proxy re-encryption scheme that transforms a classical lightweight ciphertext into a lattice based ciphertext. We compare our proposed L ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption scheme with classical proxy re-encryption (ABEIBE) schemes. We discuss the security and efficiency of our construction.
The recent expansion of the Internet of things (IoT) and its applications continues to dramatically change the IT services supporting manufacturing, energy management, intelligent transportation, smart cities, etc. These IT services often interconnect Internet-based Cloud systems with IoT or intelligent smart devices held by organisations. As IoT devices are resource-limited, the security of their communication is provided by lightweight cryptography that could consequently lead to the devices being insecure against a quantum adversary. On the other hand, Internet Cloud systems are resource-rich and could easily support post-quantum cryptography. This paper presents a proxy re-encryption scheme that translates ciphertexts of a classical lightweight encryption algorithm into their post quantum equivalent and vice versa. More precisely, we propose a lattice-based ABE-IBE (L ABE-IBE) proxy re-encryption scheme that transforms a classical lightweight ciphertext into a lattice based ciphertext. We compare our proposed L ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption scheme with classical proxy re-encryption (ABEIBE) schemes. We discuss the security and efficiency of our construction.
Maintaining data confidentiality at the asymmetric-resource devices across emerging technologies needs varying cryptographic algorithms. Quantum computing makes preserving data confidentiality across asymmetric infrastructure more difficult. However, exploiting the architecture of classical cryptographic schemes to integrate the post-quantum constructs could be used to maintain post-quantum level confidentiality over the Internet. This paper presents a post-quantum secure classical ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption scheme (L ABE-IBE PRE) that utilizes the classical ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption capabilities at the end nodes in a system and raises the data confidentiality to post-quantum secure level over the Internet. The proposed L ABE-IBE PRE transforms a ciphertext of the classical ABE scheme to a post-quantum secure ciphertext and from a post-quantum secure ciphertext to a ciphertext of the classical IBE scheme. We compare our proposed L ABE-IBE PRE scheme with classical ABE-IBE proxy re-encryption schemes, including Encryption Switching ABE-IBE (ES.ABE-IBE) scheme (He et al., 2019). We discuss the security and efficiency of our proposed scheme.
The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to an unprecedented scale of data exchange across heterogeneous and resource-constrained devices. Ensuring confidentiality and secure key management in such environments is challenging. Traditional public-key infrastructures require heavy certificate-handling overhead. Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) offers a lightweight alternative by deriving public keys directly from device identities, making it attractive for IoT deployments. However, IoT devices are highly vulnerable to side-channel and key-extraction attacks, motivating the need for Forward-Secure IBE(FS-IBE), where the compromise of a current secret key does not threaten past communications. Existing FS-IBE constructions based on classical hardness assumptions are not secure in the era of post-quantum, while the lattice-based (LWE-based) forward-secure scheme suffer from large key and ciphertext sizes, limiting their suitability for constrained IoT systems. Here, we propose a new lattice-based fs-IBE scheme in the ring setting, relying on the RLWE assumption to achieve post-quantum security and significant efficiency gains. Our design uses trapdoor delegation with a minimal-cover mechanism over a binary tree. It results in compact public parameters and efficient per-epoch key updates. Compared to prior LWE-based constructions, our scheme reduces public key, secret key, and ciphertext sizes, and thus, making it better suited for practical IoT environments.
Identity-based encryption is an important cryptographic system that is employed to ensure confidentiality of a message in communication. This article presents a provably secure identity based encryption based on post quantum security assumption. The security of the proposed encryption is based on the hard problem, namely Learning with Errors on integer lattices. This construction is anonymous and produces pseudo random ciphers. Both public-key size and ciphertext-size have been reduced in the proposed encryption as compared to those for other relevant schemes without compromising the security. Next, we incorporate the constructed identity based encryption (IBE) for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, where the IoT smart devices send securely the sensing data to their nearby gateway nodes(s) with the help of IBE and the gateway node(s) secure aggregate the data from the smart devices by decrypting the messages using the proposed IBE decryption. Later, the gateway nodes will securely send the aggregated data to the cloud server(s) and the Big data analytics is performed on the authenticated data using the Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for accurate and better predictions.
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has revolutionized digital communication, yet it simultaneously poses unprecedented security challenges due to constrained device capabilities and increasing cyber threats. Conventional cryptographic techniques, while currently effective, are vulnerable to emerging quantum computing technologies that threaten to render classical encryption obsolete. This paper explores the integration of quantum-safe cryptographic techniques within IoT networks to ensure long-term confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. It examines post-quantum cryptographic primitives, including lattice-based, hash-based, multivariate, and code-based schemes, and evaluates their suitability for resource-constrained IoT environments. The study focuses on lightweight implementation strategies, balancing computational efficiency with robust security requirements. Simulation analyses demonstrate that properly optimized quantum safe protocols can provide resilient encryption, key exchange, and digital signature functionalities without overwhelming device resources. Furthermore, the integration of these techniques with IoT communication standards and secure network protocols ensures end-to-end protection across heterogeneous networks. Challenges such as latency, energy consumption, and scalability are addressed, highlighting the necessity of tailored cryptographic solutions for diverse IoT applications. The findings confirm that quantum safe cryptography is essential for future-proofing IoT networks, offering sustainable security measures that remain resilient against both classical and quantum adversaries, thereby supporting the continued expansion of secure and intelligent interconnected systems.
Introduction. This review delves into lattice-based encryption and its implications for bolstering the protection of Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The survey extensively explores the post- quantum robustness of inherent in lattice-based cryptographic techniques, highlighting their potential to effectively address the evolving security challenges within the IoT domain. Methods. The literature review not only scrutinizes traditional, pre-quantum cryptography methods but also conducts a thorough analysis of quantum computing and its possible influence on existing encryption techniques, emphasizing the necessity for post-quantum solutions. Developing. The paper discusses the pivotal role of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in standardizing post-quantum cryptography as well as presents a comprehensive analysis their work in this domain. A focused examination of NIST finalists reveals lattice-based cryptography as a key area of research, delving into its mechanisms and operational principles. Conclusion. The paper concludes with an in-depth exploration of diverse lattice-based cryptography applications within various IoT systems, encompassing domains such as E- health, smart cities, smart grids, vehicular communications, and industrial IoT systems. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the multifaceted landscape of lattice-based encryption and its versatile implementatios across different IoT domain.