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Scientific Reports

Normal product form of two-mode Wigner operator

Rui He, Xiangyuan Liu, Xiangfei Wei, Congbing Wu, Gang Zhang, Min Kong

Published Feb 14, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In the context of normal product, we use the method of the integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators to derive three representations of the two-mode Wigner operator: SU(2) symmetric description, SU(1,1) symmetric description and polar coordinate form. We find that two-mode Wigner operator has multiple potential degrees of freedom. As the physical meaning of the selected integral variable changes, Wigner operator shows different symmetries. In particular, in the case of polar coordinates, we reveal the natural connection between the two-mode Wigner operator and the entangled state representation.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-022-06124-8

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In the context of normal product, we use the method of the integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators to derive three representations of the two-mode Wigner operator: SU(2) symmetric description, SU(1,1) symmetric description and polar coordinate form. We find that two-mode Wigner operator has multiple potential degrees of freedom. As the physical meaning of the selected integral variable changes, Wigner operator shows different symmetries. In particular, in the case of polar coordinates, we reveal the natural connection between the two-mode Wigner operator and the entangled state representation.
We construct four linear composite operators for a two-particle system and give common eigenvectors of those operators. The technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators is employed to prove that those common eigenvectors are complete and orthonormal. Therefore, a new two-mode intermediate momentum-coordinate representation which involves quantum entanglement for a two-particle system is proposed and applied to some two-body dynamic problems. Moreover, the pure-state density matrix |ξ 1 , ξ 2 〉 C,D C,D 〈ξ 1 , ξ 2 | is a Radon transform of Wigner operator.
By using the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators, we derive the normal-product form of the gauge-invariant Wigner operator of an electron in a uniform magnetic field and its expression in the newly constructed |λ> representation. The virtue of working in the |λ> representation lies in the fact that it is expressed in terms of the ladder operators Π±, K±(see Eq. (10)), thus the magnetic vector potential can naturally be included. On these bases we can easily obtain Wigner functions of some important electron states.
A two-mode integral form projection unitary operator is introduced. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product （IWOP） of operators, the transformation property of the integral form projection operator is studied, and its normal ordered expression is derived. Then the Hamiltonian of two-mode quantum harmonic oscillator system with coordinate-momentum coupling is diagonalized by virtue of the integral form projection operator, there by the eigenenergy and eigenfunction of the system are exactly solved. Lastly, a special case is discussed.