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Modern Physics Letters A

NEW REPRESENTATION FOR GAUGE-INVARIANT WIGNER OPERATOR OF AN ELECTRON IN A UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD

Hong-Yi Fan, Zhenshan S. Yang

Published Oct 30, 1998• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators, we derive the normal-product form of the gauge-invariant Wigner operator of an electron in a uniform magnetic field and its expression in the newly constructed |λ> representation. The virtue of working in the |λ> representation lies in the fact that it is expressed in terms of the ladder operators Π±, K±(see Eq. (10)), thus the magnetic vector potential can naturally be included. On these bases we can easily obtain Wigner functions of some important electron states.

DOI
10.1142/s0217732398002849

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By using the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators, we derive the normal-product form of the gauge-invariant Wigner operator of an electron in a uniform magnetic field and its expression in the newly constructed |λ> representation. The virtue of working in the |λ> representation lies in the fact that it is expressed in terms of the ladder operators Π±, K±(see Eq. (10)), thus the magnetic vector potential can naturally be included. On these bases we can easily obtain Wigner functions of some important electron states.
Based on the entangled state representation for describing electron's coordinates under uniform magnetic field, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between quantum Hamiltonian and its classical Weyl function through the introduction of Wigner operator. We also study some new important properties of Wigner function of electron's quantum states, such as its upper bound, and its relation with electron's wave function. These discussions demonstrate the beauty and elegance of the entangled state representation.
In the context of normal product, we use the method of the integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators to derive three representations of the two-mode Wigner operator: SU(2) symmetric description, SU(1,1) symmetric description and polar coordinate form. We find that two-mode Wigner operator has multiple potential degrees of freedom. As the physical meaning of the selected integral variable changes, Wigner operator shows different symmetries. In particular, in the case of polar coordinates, we reveal the natural connection between the two-mode Wigner operator and the entangled state representation.