Abstract According to quantum electrodynamics (QED), liquid water is composed by two phases, the first one characterized by a coherent state in which all the molecules oscillate in phase, the other by a non-coherent state in which they are all non-correlated. In the coherent state, the phase-correlated oscillations take place within macroscopic spatial regions called “coherent domains” (CD), admitting a spectrum of excited energy levels and generating, at their borders, an evanescent coherent e.m. field. When two or more excited CDs are sufficiently close to each other, the overlapping between their evanescent fields gives rise to a novel type of interaction due to the mutual exchange of virtual photons by quantum tunnel effect. Furthermore, when such water coherent domains are enclosed with waveguides consisting of suitable materials and design, these effects are stabilized and enhanced, allowing for the realization of an extended network of interacting coherent domains. In this paper, we’ll discuss how to exploit this dynamics to perform quantum computations by setting-up a set of universal quantum gates and calculate their operational time as a function the main parameters of the proposed physical model. We show this model can represent a basic architecture for a novel kind of quantum hyper-computer, characterized by a very high computational speed and able to overcame some of the main issues currently affecting the quantum computational frameworks so far proposed.
Abstract According to quantum electrodynamics (QED), liquid water is composed by two phases, the first one characterized by a coherent state in which all the molecules oscillate in phase, the other by a non-coherent state in which they are all non-correlated. In the coherent state, the phase-correlated oscillations take place within macroscopic spatial regions called “coherent domains” (CD), admitting a spectrum of excited energy levels and generating, at their borders, an evanescent coherent e.m. field. When two or more excited CDs are sufficiently close to each other, the overlapping between their evanescent fields gives rise to a novel type of interaction due to the mutual exchange of virtual photons by quantum tunnel effect. Furthermore, when such water coherent domains are enclosed with waveguides consisting of suitable materials and design, these effects are stabilized and enhanced, allowing for the realization of an extended network of interacting coherent domains. In this paper, we’ll discuss how to exploit this dynamics to perform quantum computations by setting-up a set of universal quantum gates and calculate their operational time as a function the main parameters of the proposed physical model. We show this model can represent a basic architecture for a novel kind of quantum hyper-computer, characterized by a very high computational speed and able to overcame some of the main issues currently affecting the quantum computational frameworks so far proposed.
Abstract Quantum electrodynamics (QED) predicts that, under suitable conditions for temperature and density, liquid water can be described as a two-phases system composed by a coherent and a non-coherent phase. The first one is characterized by the formation of macroscopic regions, called “;coherent domains” (CDs), in which all the molecules are phase - correlated among them and with a self-trapped electromagnetic field that leaks out from the CDs in the form of an evanescent tail. This feature, along with the possibility for the CDs to have an excited energy spectrum, allow them to interact each other through quantum tunneling of virtual photons. We have already shown how to exploit this dynamics to realize quantum hypercomputation by using a set of universal quantum gates made of interacting water CDs. In this paper we discuss how to accurately and fast control the macroscopic quantum states of such water coherent domains, by using electromagnetic potentials to modify the phase of their wavefunctions. Finally, a possible experimental set-up designed to this aim, based on the electric version of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, is discussed.
Quantum computers allow to solve efficiently certain problems that are intractable for classical computers. For the realization of a quantum computer, a qubit design as the basic building block is a nontrivial starting point. Within a nanoscale ferromagnetic domain wall stabilized by achiral energy, two degenerate chirality forms exist which can be regarded as the two qubit states. Our numerical demonstration shows that the manipulation of spin configurations of the ferromagnetic domain walls is governed by magnetic and electric fields for single-qubit quantum gates, while the Ising exchange coupling facilitates the two-qubit gates. The incorporation of these quantum gates permits universal quantum computation. Furthermore, we discuss the estimation of the coherence time, as well as the initialization and readout of the qubits. Our findings show a practical implementation of quantum computing architectures based on the domain-wall qubits in ferromagnetic materials.
Two-qubit system is the foundation of constructing the universal quantum gate. We have studied the two-qubit Rabi model for the general case and its generalizations with dipole, XXX and XYZ Heisenberg qubit-qubit interactions, which are commonly used in quantum computation. Their solutions are presented analytically with eigenstates can be obtained in terms of extended coherent states or Fock states and applied to the construction of the ultrafast two-qubit quantum gate in circuit QED and quantum state storage and transfer. Some novel kinds of quasi-exact solutions are found for specific sets of parameters, causing level crossings within the same parity subspace, which do not appear in the regular spectrum, indicating its non-integrability. These eigenstates are very interesting for quantum computing and single photon experiments because they are formed by just a few Fock states, and in some cases, with at most one photon. They are also easy to prepare, since they exist for all qubit-photon coupling values with constant eigenenergy and the qubit energy splittings can be fine tuned in the experiment in contrast to the coupling.
BACKGROUND: Every living organism is an open system operating far from thermodynamic equilibrium and exchanging energy, matter and information with an external environment. These exchanges are performed through non-linear interactions of billions of different biological components, at different levels, from the quantum to the macro-dimensional. The concept of quantum coherence is an inherent property of living cells, used for long-range interactions such as synchronization of cell division processes. There is support from recent advances in quantum biology, which demonstrate that coherence, as a state of order of matter coupled with electromagnetic (EM) fields, is one of the key quantum phenomena supporting life dynamics. Coherent phenomena are well explained by quantum field theory (QFT), a well-established theoretical framework in quantum physics. Water is essential for life, being the medium used by living organisms to carry out various biochemical reactions and playing a fundamental role in coherent phenomena. METHODS: Quantum electrodynamics (QED), which is the relativistic QFT of electrodynamics, deals with the interactions between EM fields and matter. QED provides theoretical models and experimental frameworks for the emergence and dynamics of coherent structures, even in living organisms. This article provides a model of multi-level coherence for living organisms in which fractal phase oscillations of water are able to link and regulate a biochemical reaction. A mathematical approach, based on the eigenfunctions of Laplace operator in hyper-structures, is explored as a valuable framework to simulate and explain the oneness dynamics of multi-level coherence in life. The preparation process of a homeopathic medicine is analyzed according to QED principles, thus providing a scientific explanation for the theoretical model of "information transfer" from the substance to the water solution. A subsequent step explores the action of a homeopathic medicine in a living organism according to QED principles and the phase-space attractor's dynamics. RESULTS: According to the developed model, all levels of a living organism-organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, whole organism-are characterized by their own specific wave functions, whose phases are perfectly orchestrated in a multi-level coherence oneness. When this multi-level coherence is broken, a disease emerges. An example shows how a homeopathic medicine can bring back a patient from a disease state to a healthy one. In particular, by adopting QED, it is argued that in the preparation of homeopathic medicines, the progressive dilution/succussion processes create the conditions for the emergence of coherence domains (CDs) in the aqueous solution. Those domains code the original substance information (in terms of phase oscillations) and therefore they can transfer said information (by phase resonance) to the multi-level coherent structures of the living organism. CONCLUSIONS: We encourage that QED principles and explanations become embodied in the fundamental teachings of the homeopathic method, thus providing the homeopath with a firm grounding in the practice of rational medicine. Systematic efforts in this direction should include multiple disciplines, such as quantum physics, quantum biology, conventional and homeopathic medicine and psychology.
Universal quantum computation on a space consisting of superpositions of d well-separated coherent states can be achieved by two families of adiabatic holonomic gates. The first gate consists of moving a coherent state around a closed path in phase space, resulting in a relative Berry phase between that state and the other states. The second gate consists of colliding two coherent states, resulting in coherent population transfer between them. Such gates should be realizable via reservoir engineering of systems which support tunable nonlinearities, such as trapped ions and circuit QED.
We theoretically investigate quantum Rabi oscillations in a system consisting of a two-level atom (qubit) strongly coupled to a one-dimensional open waveguide. In contrast to conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics, the qubit interacts with a continuum of propagating modes, which gives rise to fundamentally different dynamical behavior. Within the rotating-wave approximation, we express the multimode Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian in terms of collective bosonic operators and show that the system possesses two integrals of motion, enabling an exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian in the single-excitation subspace. We show that for a strongly interacting qubit-photon system, the dynamics are captured by a reduced two-level model. In this framework, each level is defined as the product of the atomic excited state and a specific field mode, which takes the form of a multiphoton Fock-like state. In this picture, the Rabi oscillations represent a collective phenomenon corresponding to oscillations between multiphoton states differing by a single photon. We then extend our analysis to multiphoton processes in which the initial field is a coherent state with a continuous spectrum. In this case, the Rabi frequency is shown to be sensitive to the spectral profile of the function that generates the coherent state.