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PR37 An Alternative Strategy for Photon-Pair Generation using Integrated Photonics on Silicon Wafers (1640968-Y4)

Shayan Mookherjee

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Research activities include the design, fabrication and poling of a spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) waveguide in periodically-poled thin-film lithium niobate SPDC device, and measurements of photon-pair generation in it. Summary of a Project Outcomes report of research funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Project Number 1640968 (Year 4).

DOI
10.31219/osf.io/h9d24

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Research activities include the design, fabrication and poling of a spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) waveguide in periodically-poled thin-film lithium niobate SPDC device, and measurements of photon-pair generation in it. Summary of a Project Outcomes report of research funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Project Number 1640968 (Year 4).
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Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) has become a key method for generating entangled photon pairs. Periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) waveguides induce strong SPDC but require complex fabrication processes. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate efficient SPDC and second harmonic generation using modal phase matching methods. This is achieved with inverse-designed optical mode converters and low-loss optical waveguides in a single nanofabrication process. Inverse design methods provide enhanced functionalities and compact footprints for the converter. Despite the extensive achievements in inverse-designed photonic integrated circuits, the potential of inverse-designed TFLN quantum photonic devices has been seldom explored. The device shows an on-chip conversion efficiency of 3.95% W−1 cm−2 in second harmonic generation measurements and a coincidence count rate up to 21.2 kHz in SPDC experiments. This work highlights the potential of the inverse-designed TFLN photonic devices and paves the way for their applications in on-chip nonlinear or quantum optics.
Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) has been crucial for producing non-classical light, such as correlated photon pairs and squeezed states, essential for optical quantum technologies. Recently, thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN)-based devices have enabled high-performance SPDC in on-chip integrated photonic platforms. Here, we developed an X-cut periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) racetrack micro-resonator with a compact footprint and demonstrated bright SPDC photon pair generation characterized by distinct resonances and high extraction efficiency. We separately assessed the internal and loaded photon pair generation rates, measuring them at 4.525 MHz/µW and 62.73 kHz/µW, respectively. Our platform is integrated with maturing electro-/thermo-optic TFLN circuit elements and has meaningful potential for advancing active quantum photonic applications.
State-of-the-art photon sources based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) currently rely on artificial structuring of the material nonlinearity to satisfy phase-matching conditions. This technique, known as periodic poling, is available only in a limited number of material platforms and introduces additional fabrication steps and errors, which are detrimental to up-scaling efforts. Here, we present a device architecture that enables SPDC of a wide range of frequencies without the need for periodic poling. We present explicit designs and calculations for 4H Silicon Carbide on-insulator, in which SPDC photon generation is so far unavailable, and thin-film Lithium Niobate on-insulator, a state-of-the-art quantum photonics platform. Our design, based on mode conversion and subsequent modal phase-matched SPDC, facilitates a CMOS compatible χ(2)χ^{(2)}χ(2) platform, and simplifies photon sources by removing the requirement of periodic poling and the associated additional fabrication complexity.