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Laser Physics

Spatio-temporal properties of pulse propagation in a graphene quantum system

Chao Xiao

Published Dec 31, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this paper we have theoretically studied the spatial-temporal evolution of electromagnetic light propagation through a four-level graphene quantum system by using density matrix method and perturbation theory. The four-level graphene quantum medium interacted by an elliptical polarized coupling and a weak probe lights, respectively. We present the analytical solution for solving the Maxwell–Bloch equations for graphene and electromagnetic field in space and time domains. Then, we have analyzed the dynamic control of pulse propagation and optical dual switching in such a laser-driven quantum system. Our theoretical findings show that by adjusting the optical parameters such as elliptical angle i.e. phase difference between right-and-left circularly polarized, one can easily control the absorption spectrum and pulse propagation of the probe light in graphene medium. Our results may have potential applications in designing the new quantum devices for usage in quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ac4470

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Abstract In this paper, we investigated the behaviors of the absorptive-dispersive properties of weak probe light based on quantum coherence and interference in a Landau-quantized graphene nanostructure driven by coherent pumping fields. The linear dynamical properties of the grapheme are discussed with reference to the density matrix method and the perturbation theory. It is found that under certain conditions and by an appropriate selection of the parameters of the medium, the absorption, dispersion and group index of the weak probe light can be controlled. Moreover, the superluminal light propagation in the system is accompanied by amplification to make sure that the probe field is amplified as it passes through the system via adjusting the corresponding controllable parameters such as the intensity, the detuning and the relative phase of the applied fields. Moreover, it is observed that the probe amplification can be obtained in the presence or absence of population inversion by properly choosing the system’s parameters. We hope that these results may have useful application in future quantum communicational systems and networks.
In this paper, a new model is proposed for manipulating the Kerr nonlinearity of right-hand circular probe light in a monolayer of graphene nanostructure. By using the density matrix equations and quantum optical approach, the third-order susceptibility of probe light is explored numerically. It is realized that the enhanced Kerr nonlinearity with zero linear absorption can be provided by selecting the appropriate quantities of controllable parameters, such as Rabi frequency and elliptical parameter of elliptical polarized coupling field. Our results may be useful applications in future all-optical system devices in nanostructures.
We propose and develop a method for theoretical description of circularly (elliptically) polarized optical pulse resonant coherent interactions with two-level atoms. The method is based on the time-evolution equations of a two-level quantum system in the presence of a time-dependent dipole perturbation for electric dipole transitions between states with total angular-momentum projection difference $(\ensuremath{\Delta}{J}_{z}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)$ excited by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field [Feynman et al., J. Appl. Phys. 28, 49 (1957)]. The adopted real-vector representation approach allows for coupling with the vectorial Maxwell's equations for the optical wave propagation and thus the resulting Maxwell pseudospin equations can be numerically solved in the time domain without any approximations. The model permits a more exact study of the ultrafast coherent pulse propagation effects taking into account the vector nature of the electromagnetic field and hence the polarization state of the optical excitation. We demonstrate self-induced transparency effects and formation of polarized solitons. The model represents a qualitative extension of the well-known optical Maxwell-Bloch equations valid for linearly polarized light and a tool for studying coherent quantum control mechanisms.
Propagation dynamics of twin laser pulses through a cold four-level inverted-Y atomic medium is investigated theoretically via switching on and off an external magnetic field under the application of a strong driving field.By numerically solving the coupled Bloch-Maxwell equations for atom and field simultaneously on a spacetime grid, our spatio-temporal results clearly show that dynamic control of twin-pulse propagation and magneto-optic dual switching operation are possible in such an inverted-Y system.The proposed scheme may be used for the design of magneto-optic switching and magneto-optic storage devices.
Abstract The optical properties of a weak probe light by applying coupling fields in Landau-quantized graphene nanostructure is investigated. In this structure the electromagnetic field of terahertz-infrared radiations interfere with the electromagnetic field of the short-wavelength probe field and this effect changes the absorption and dispersion characteristics of the probe field. The linear dynamical properties of the graphene by means of perturbation theory and density matrix method are discussed. We show that the group velocity of a light pulse can be switched from superluminal to subluminal or vice versa by controlling the coupling field’s intensities and relative phase of the applied fields. Therefore, this model can be used as an all-optical switch which is suitable for next generation of future all optical quantum communicational system and networks.
Graphene nanomaterials exhibit excellent optical properties when interacting with electromagnetical fields, which plays an important role in a wide range of applications such as optical communications, optical storage and other fields. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect, we investigate control of slow light in the Landau quantized graphene system with different three-level and four-level coupling schemes. Utilizing the EIT effect, group velocity of the probe fields can be significantly reduced and well controlled by manipulating Rabi frequencies and detunings of the coupling lasers as well as probe detuning. Furthermore, probe light with different frequencies can even be controlled in different EIT windows in the graphene system with the four-level scheme, which may find applications in signal selection and discrimination. This work can provide reference for the design of graphene-based quantum devices and have potential applications in optical communications and optical quantum information processing, etc.