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IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)

Robust Secure Transmission of UAV-Aided Multiuser Network with Imperfect Location Estimation

Jiawei Li, Yiwen Zhang

Published Oct 13, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, a novel quality-of-service (QoS)-based robust scheme combining beamforming and artificial noise (AN) is proposed to tackle with imperfect location estimation in UAV-aided secure transmission. In this multi-user network, a UAV equipped with linear antenna array cannot accurately estimate locations of users and eavesdroppers. We mainly Consider imperfect location of desired user, while eavesdropper locations fall into two categories: imperfect and unknown. Based on the analysis of energy leakage, two security QoS indicators, signal to leakage noise ratio (SLNR) and AN to leakage plus noise ratio (ANLNR), are defined to solve the difficulties of non-convex optimization and variable coupling of maximizing secrecy-sum-rate (SSR) problem. Specifically, we define the desired region and wiretap region according to the main lobe coverage range and estimation of direction angle and distance. A main-lobe integration method is adopted to optimize the beamforming vectors and the artificial noise projection matrix respectively, without needing the statistical property or distribution of location measurement errors. Compared with conventional robust methods, simulation results show a significant improvement in communication reliability and security performance towards multiple users in the middle and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions.

DOI
10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658005

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In this paper, a novel quality-of-service (QoS)-based robust scheme combining beamforming and artificial noise (AN) is proposed to tackle with imperfect location estimation in UAV-aided secure transmission. In this multi-user network, a UAV equipped with linear antenna array cannot accurately estimate locations of users and eavesdroppers. We mainly Consider imperfect location of desired user, while eavesdropper locations fall into two categories: imperfect and unknown. Based on the analysis of energy leakage, two security QoS indicators, signal to leakage noise ratio (SLNR) and AN to leakage plus noise ratio (ANLNR), are defined to solve the difficulties of non-convex optimization and variable coupling of maximizing secrecy-sum-rate (SSR) problem. Specifically, we define the desired region and wiretap region according to the main lobe coverage range and estimation of direction angle and distance. A main-lobe integration method is adopted to optimize the beamforming vectors and the artificial noise projection matrix respectively, without needing the statistical property or distribution of location measurement errors. Compared with conventional robust methods, simulation results show a significant improvement in communication reliability and security performance towards multiple users in the middle and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions.
Abstract In this paper, two regional robust secure precise wireless transmission (SPWT) schemes for multi-user unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV): 1)regional signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (SLNR) and artificial-noise-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (ANLNR) (R-SLNR-ANLNR) maximization and 2) point SLNR and ANLNR (P-SLNR-ANLNR) maximization, are proposed to tackle with the estimation errors of the target users’ location. In the SPWT system, the estimation error for SPWT cannot be ignored. However the conventional robust methods in secure wireless communications optimize the beamforming vector in the desired positions only in statistical means and cannot guarantee the security for each symbol. The proposed regional robust schemes are designed for optimizing the secrecy performance in the whole error region around the estimated location. Specifically, with the known maximal estimation error, we define the target region and wiretap region. Then design an optimal beamforming vector and an artificial noise projection matrix, which achieve the confidential signal in the target area having the maximal power while only few signal power is conserved in the potential wiretap region. Instead of considering the statistical distributions of the estimated errors into optimization, we optimize the SLNR and ANLNR of the whole target area, which significantly decreases the complexity. Moreover, the proposed schemes can ensure that the desired users are located in the optimized region, which are more practical than the conventional methods. Simulation results show that our proposed regional robust SPWT design is capable of substantially improving the secrecy rate compared to the conventional non-robust method. The P-SLNR-ANLNR maximization-based method has the comparable secrecy performance with lower complexity than that of the R-SLNR-ANLNR maximization-based method.
This paper studies secure wireless transmission from a multi-antenna transmitter to a single-antenna intended receiver overheard by multiple eavesdroppers with considering the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of wiretap channel.To enhance security of communication link, the artificial noise (AN) is generated at transmitter.We first design the robust joint optimal beamforming of secret signal and AN to minimize transmit power with constraints of security quality of service (QoS), i.e., minimum allowable signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) at receiver and maximum tolerable SINR at eavesdroppers.The formulated design problem is shown to be nonconvex and we transfer it into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).The semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is used and the approximated method is proved to solve the original problem exactly.To verify the robustness and tightness of proposed beamforming, we also provide a method to calculate the worst-case SINR at eavesdroppers for a designed transmit scheme using semidefinite programming (SDP).Additionally, the secrecy rate maximization is explored for fixed total transmit power.To tackle the nonconvexity of original formulation, we develop an iterative approach employing sequential parametric convex approximation (SPCA).The simulation results illustrate that the proposed robust transmit schemes can effectively improve the transmit performance.
This paper studies secure communication from a multi-antenna transmitter to a single-antenna receiver in the presence of multiple multi-antenna eavesdroppers, considering constraints of security quality of service (QoS), i.e., minimum allowable signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) at receiver and maximum tolerable SINR at eavesdroppers. The robust joint optimal beamforming (RJOBF) of secret signal and artificial noise (AN) is designed to minimize transmit power while estimation errors of channel state information (CSI) for wiretap channels are taken into consideration. The formulated design problem is shown to be nonconvex and we transfer it into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) along with semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique. The simulation results illustrate that our proposed RJOBF is efficient for power saving in security communication.
In this paper, we study secure cooperative transmission for the multiple-input-single-output multiple-eavesdropper (MISOME) systems, where a source (Alice) aims to send confidential messages to a legitimate user (Bob) with the aid of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled friendly jammer (Charlie) in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers (Eves). To further guarantee the secrecy performance, artificial noise (AN) beamforming together with cooperative Jamming (CJ) has been utilized in this considered system with only location and statistical channel state information of the Eves. Specifically, taking imperfect channel state information (CSI) between Charlie and Bob into account, we derive the exact closed-form expression of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and develop an efficient scheme to solve the secrecy rate maximization (SRM) problem which has been verified as a convex one under certain SOP. Moreover, we propose an optimal UAV placement strategy to further enhance secrecy performance. The numerical results are provided to validate that the system security would seriously degenerate with channel uncertainty. Besides, the proposed scheme is verified to outperform the terrestrial CJ scheme in improving the secrecy rate and secure energy efficiency (EE) performance under perfect CSI or tolerable channel estimation errors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed UAV placement strategy in enhancing transmission security and the applicability of the proposed scheme has also been demonstrated.
This paper addresses physical layer security in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication. We propose a secure beamforming optimization algorithm based on an Improved Artificial Bee Colony (I-ABC) framework to solve the non-convex problem of maximizing the system’s secrecy rate. The algorithm concurrently designs the information-bearing signal beam and the artificial noise (AN) beam, ensuring quality of service (QoS) for the legitimate user while degrading the eavesdropper’s channel. A key innovation is the I-ABC’s channelaware dynamic perturbation strategy, which effectively explores the non-convex solution space to avoid local optima and ensure rapid convergence. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm exhibits rapid convergence and significantly enhances the secrecy rate compared to schemes without AN, confirming its efficacy for secure transmission.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have found compelling applications in intelligent logistics, search and rescue as well as in air-borne Base Station (BS). However, their communications are prone to both channel errors and eavesdropping. Hence, we investigate the max-min secrecy fairness of UAV-aided cellular networks, in which Cooperative Rate-Splitting (CRS) aided downlink transmissions are employed by each multi-antenna UAV Base Station (UAV-BS) to safeguard the downlink of a two-user Multi-Input Single-Output (MISO) system against an external multi-antenna Eavesdropper (Eve). Realistically, only Imperfect Channel State Information (ICSI) is assumed to be available at the transmitter. Additionally, we consider a realistic total power constraint and guarantee the specific Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the legitimate users. To handle the worst-case channel uncertainty of the legitimate users and an external Eve, we conceive a robust secure resource allocation algorithm, which maximizes the minimum worst-case secrecy rate of the legitimate users. Based on the CRS principle, the transmitter splits and encodes the messages of legitimate users into common as well as private streams and the user having stronger CSI is asked to help the cell-edge user by opportunistically forwarding its decoded common message. In contrast to the existing schemes adopted in the literature for ensuring secure transmission of the first cooperative phase only, in our proposed solution the common message has a twin-fold mission. Explicitly, apart from serving as the desired message, it also acts as Artificial Noise (AN) for drowning out Eve without consuming extra power. This is in stark contrast to the conventional AN designs. In the second phase, the pure AN is directed towards the Eve, deploying a robust Maximum Ratio Transmitter (MRT) beamformer at the UAV-BS. To solve the resultant non-convex optimization problem we resort to the Sequential Parametric Convex Approximation (SPCA) method together with a bespoke initialization algorithm to avoid any failure due to infeasibility. Our simulation results confirm that the proposed secure transmission scheme outperforms the existing cooperative benchmarkers.