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International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Coupled NV Spin-Mechanical Resonator System

Liao Qing-Hong, Xiaoqian Wang, Gaoqian He

Published Oct 20, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we theoretically investigate the optical absorption spectrum of the nanodiamond system consisting of the nitrogen- vacancy (NV) spin coupled to the mechanical resonator. We show how the widths of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon windows are manipulated by varying the system parameters. The better transparency phenomenon effect can be achieved by appropriately reducing the decay rates of the mechanical resonator. It is shown that the probe absorption spectrum exhibits an asymmetric property. In particular, the coupling strength between the NV spin and the mechanical oscillation of the nanodiamond can be detected, which is realized by measuring the width of two peaks in the pump-probe spectrum. The study may provide a potential application in the fields of high precision measurement and quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613356

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In this paper, we theoretically investigate the optical absorption spectrum of the nanodiamond system consisting of the nitrogen- vacancy (NV) spin coupled to the mechanical resonator. We show how the widths of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon windows are manipulated by varying the system parameters. The better transparency phenomenon effect can be achieved by appropriately reducing the decay rates of the mechanical resonator. It is shown that the probe absorption spectrum exhibits an asymmetric property. In particular, the coupling strength between the NV spin and the mechanical oscillation of the nanodiamond can be detected, which is realized by measuring the width of two peaks in the pump-probe spectrum. The study may provide a potential application in the fields of high precision measurement and quantum information processing.
Abstract The optical absorption spectrum of the hybrid system composed of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center coupled to the mechanical resonators is. investigated. Based on the pump-probe technology, the electronically induced transparency (EIT) is observed and the reasonable explanation for this transparency is given. We demonstrate that the position of the transparency is equal to the detuning difference. In addition, a completely new scheme to measure the coupling between the NV center and current carrying carbon nanotube mechanical resonator is obtained. Furthermore, an optical approach to measure the frequency of the vibrating graphene mechanical resonator is proposed. This work can provide some help for the application in the field of high-precision measurement and quantum information processing.
Summary form only given. We study interference between electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) features in the radio frequency region of the spectrum associated with an electron spin resonance in the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Measurements are made using a coherent optical detection technique. Two EIT features can be induced in a single absorption band by two coupling fields at different frequencies. The frequencies of each features can be adjusted by varying the frequency of the coupling field and in the work the frequencies are adjusted so that the EIT features are in near coincidence.
We theoretically propose a multiple-mode-coupling hybrid quantum system comprising two-mode-coupling nanomechanical carbon nanotube (CNT) resonators realized by a phase-dependent phonon-exchange interaction interacting with the same nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. We investigate the coherent optical responses of the NV center under the condition of resonance and detuning. In particular, two-color electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be achieved by controlling the system parameters and coupling regimes. Combining the spin-phonon interactions and phonon-phonon coupling with the modulation phase, the switching of one and two EIT windows has been demonstrated, which generates a light delay or advance. The slow-to-fast and fast-to-slow light transitions have been studied in different coupling regimes, and the switch between slow and fast light can be controlled periodically by tuning the modulation phase. The study can be applied to phonon-mediated optical information storage or information processing with spin qubits based on multiple-mode hybrid quantum systems.
We study a hybrid nanomechanical system coupled to a spin ensemble as a quantum simulator to favor a quantum interference effect, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This system consists of two nanomechanical resonators (NAMRs), each of which is coupled to a nuclear spin ensemble, and can be regarded as a crucial element in the quantum network of NAMR arrays coupled to spin ensembles. Here, the nuclear spin ensembles behave as a long-lived transducer to store and transfer the NAMRs' quantum information. This system shows the analog of the EIT effect under the driving of a probe microwave field. The double EIT phenomenon emerges in the large-NNN (the number of nuclei) limit within the low excitation approximation, because the interactions between the spin ensemble and the two NAMRs are reduced to the coupling of three harmonic oscillators. Furthermore, the group velocity is reduced in the two absorption windows.
We use electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to probe the narrow electron-spin resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. Working with a multipass diamond chip at temperatures 6--30 K, the zero-phonon absorption line (637 nm) exhibits an optical depth of 6 and inhomogeneous linewidth of $\ensuremath{\sim}30\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GHz}$ FWHM. Simultaneous optical excitation at two frequencies separated by the ground-state zero-field splitting (2.88 GHz) reveals EIT resonances with a contrast exceeding 6% and FWHM down to 0.4 MHz. The resonances provide an all-optical probe of external electric and magnetic fields with a projected photon-shot-noise-limited sensitivity of 0.2  V/cm/Hz0.2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}0.2  V/cm/Hz​ and 0.1  nT/Hz0.1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nT}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}0.1  nT/Hz​, respectively. Operation of a prototype diamond-EIT magnetometer measures a noise floor of $\ensuremath{\lesssim}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nT}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ for frequencies above 10 Hz and Allan deviation of $1.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nT}$ for 100 s intervals. The results demonstrate the potential of diamond-EIT devices for applications ranging from quantum-optical memory to precision measurement and tests of fundamental physics.
Hybrid spin-mechanical systems offer a promising platform for advancing quantum science and technology. However, practical implementation of applications within these hybrid quantum systems demands the seamless integration of supplementary physical components. In this context, we present a proposal for a multi-mode spin-mechanical setup, featuring the utilization of three-mode coupling nanomechanical carbon nanotube (CNT) resonators. These resonators interact with each other via a phase-dependent phonon-exchange mechanism, which is coupled to the same nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Based on the modulation of the phonon–phonon coupling phase and leveraging the triple Fano-like resonance phenomenon, a tripling of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) becomes achievable within the system. This tripling is accompanied by swift dispersion, leading to a subtle advancement or delay in outcomes. The phenomenon of triple Fano-like resonance, alongside the resulting triple EIT, engenders noteworthy slow-to-fast and fast-to-slow light effects, which is theoretically demonstrated in CNT resonators, with both identical and distinct frequencies. The findings underscore that CNT resonators with varying frequencies can evoke a more pronounced transition in the slow–fast–slow and fast–slow–fast light effects. This study lays the foundation for the application of phonon-mediated optical information storage and processing.