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arXiv:1101.2115 · Physical Review A

Analog of the electromagnetically-induced-transparency effect for two nanomechanical or micromechanical resonators coupled to a spin ensemble

Yue Chang, C. P. Sun

Published May 24, 2011• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study a hybrid nanomechanical system coupled to a spin ensemble as a quantum simulator to favor a quantum interference effect, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This system consists of two nanomechanical resonators (NAMRs), each of which is coupled to a nuclear spin ensemble, and can be regarded as a crucial element in the quantum network of NAMR arrays coupled to spin ensembles. Here, the nuclear spin ensembles behave as a long-lived transducer to store and transfer the NAMRs' quantum information. This system shows the analog of the EIT effect under the driving of a probe microwave field. The double EIT phenomenon emerges in the large-$N$ (the number of nuclei) limit within the low excitation approximation, because the interactions between the spin ensemble and the two NAMRs are reduced to the coupling of three harmonic oscillators. Furthermore, the group velocity is reduced in the two absorption windows.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.83.053834

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We study a hybrid nanomechanical system coupled to a spin ensemble as a quantum simulator to favor a quantum interference effect, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This system consists of two nanomechanical resonators (NAMRs), each of which is coupled to a nuclear spin ensemble, and can be regarded as a crucial element in the quantum network of NAMR arrays coupled to spin ensembles. Here, the nuclear spin ensembles behave as a long-lived transducer to store and transfer the NAMRs' quantum information. This system shows the analog of the EIT effect under the driving of a probe microwave field. The double EIT phenomenon emerges in the large-NNN (the number of nuclei) limit within the low excitation approximation, because the interactions between the spin ensemble and the two NAMRs are reduced to the coupling of three harmonic oscillators. Furthermore, the group velocity is reduced in the two absorption windows.
Some optomechanical systems can be transparent to a probe field when a strong driving field is applied. These systems can provide an optomechanical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We study the transmission of a probe field through a hybrid optomechanical system consisting of a cavity and a mechanical resonator with a two-level system (qubit). The qubit might be an intrinsic defect inside the mechanical resonator, a superconducting artificial atom, or another two-level system. The mechanical resonator is coupled to the cavity field via radiation pressure and to the qubit via the Jaynes-Cummings interaction. We find that the dressed two-level system and mechanical phonon can form two sets of three-level systems. Thus, there are two transparency windows in the discussed system. We interpret this effect as an optomechanical analog of two-color EIT (or double EIT). We demonstrate how to switch between one and two EIT windows by changing the transition frequency of the qubit. We show that the absorption and dispersion of the system are mainly affected by the qubit-phonon coupling strength and the transition frequency of the qubit.
In this paper, we theoretically investigate the optical absorption spectrum of the nanodiamond system consisting of the nitrogen- vacancy (NV) spin coupled to the mechanical resonator. We show how the widths of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon windows are manipulated by varying the system parameters. The better transparency phenomenon effect can be achieved by appropriately reducing the decay rates of the mechanical resonator. It is shown that the probe absorption spectrum exhibits an asymmetric property. In particular, the coupling strength between the NV spin and the mechanical oscillation of the nanodiamond can be detected, which is realized by measuring the width of two peaks in the pump-probe spectrum. The study may provide a potential application in the fields of high precision measurement and quantum information processing.
Abstract We investigate a hybrid multi-cavity optomechanical system with interference from a two-level atomic ensemble. The system is composed of three optical cavities and two nanomechanical resonators. A two-level atomic ensemble is filled into the middle optical cavity. The optical cavity located in the middle has two interaction forces with the two outermost optical cavities. What is more, the system also includes various types of interaction relations, which are the couplings of optical cavities with mechanical resonators and the coupling of optical cavity with two-level atomic ensemble. In order to study the optical response of optomechanically induced transparency, we modulate the interaction intensity within the system to obtain different eletromagnetic induced transparent phenomena. It has been found that under the influence of different parameters, the number of transparent windows and the width of transparent windows increase with an increase in the coupling of the optical cavities with atomic ensemble. In addition, as the system parameters change, the transparency points also move. The position of the two outermost transparent points becomes farther apart when the coupling of optical cavity with mechanical resonators increases. Our approach provides a great flexibility for controlling electromagnetically induced transparency. It will have the great potential applications for quantum information processing.
We discuss level splitting and sideband transitions induced by a modulated coupling between a superconducting quantum circuit and a nanomechanical resonator. First, we show how to achieve an unconventional time-dependent longitudinal coupling between a flux (transmon) qubit and the resonator. Considering a sinusoidal modulation of the coupling strength, we find that a first-order sideband transition can be split into two. Moreover, under the driving of a red-detuned field, we discuss the optical response of the qubit for a resonant probe field. We show that level splitting induced by modulating this longitudinal coupling can enable two-color electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in addition to single-color EIT. In contrast to standard predictions of two-color EIT in atomic systems, we apply here only a single drive (control) field. The monochromatic modulation of the coupling strength is equivalent to employing two eigenfrequency-tunable mechanical resonators. Both drive-probe detuning for single-color EIT and the distance between transparent windows for two-color EIT can be adjusted by tuning the modulation frequency of the coupling.
We propose a scheme to demonstrate the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a system consisting of a superconducting Cooper-pair box (CPB) coupled to a nanomechanical resonator (NR). In this scheme, the NR plays an important role to contribute additional auxiliary energy levels to the CPB so that the EIT phenomenon could be realized in such a system. We call it, in this paper, resonator-assisted induced transparency (RAIT). The RAIT technique provides a detection scheme in a real experiment to measure physical properties, such as the vibration frequency and the decay rate, of the coupled NR.
Classic analog of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metamaterials has been demonstrated extensively by its attractive potential applications in light storage, slow light and sensing. However, the counterpart of EIT, electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has been studied rarely in coupled metamaterial systems. Here, we present the observation of the EIA effect in a vertically coupled three-resonator metamaterial. A well-defined absorption resonance is developed in the EIT window enabling a unique double-peak transparency, due to the magnetic resonance induced by the near-field coupling of the three resonators. The analog of EIA opens up a new route to advanced photonics devices.