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應用物理

高温超伝導量子干渉素子(SQUID)を用いた新しい応用計測の可能性

三郎 田中

Published Aug 10, 2003• 0 citations
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We report on the continuous feedback operation of a two-stage dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) system in which one SQUID works as a low-noise preamplifier to read out a second low-noise sensor SQUID. We first flux-locked the readout SQUID and measured the characteristics of the sensor SQUID, including its current-voltage characteristics, current-flux characteristics, and noise spectrum. We then investigated how the two SQUIDs could work together by simultaneously flux-locking both the sensor and the readout SQUIDs. With this two-SQUID flux-locking scheme, we recovered the noise spectrum of the sensor SQUID to within 4%. We discuss how to understand and optimize the two-stage SQUID feedback system.
We have analyzed the biasing of the first-stage dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) of a time-domain dc-SQUID multiplexer (SQUID MUX) and find that the bias conditions of first-stage SQUIDs significantly affect the performance of the SQUID MUX in terms of total multiplexer noise and bandwidth. We present an experimental study of the operational parameters of a first-stage SQUID under varied bias conditions. Our measurements include a direct determination of the first-stage SQUID dynamic resistance RDYN1 and the flux noise of the first-stage SQUID biased over the range from voltage bias to current bias. Our measurements show that matching the bias resistors RS1 of the first-stage SQUIDs to RDYN1 improves the SQUID MUX noise performance as well as the first-stage bandwidth.
This paper describes a refined rf-SQUID magnetometer in which not only the fabrication of the SQUID sensor becomes easier but also the magnetic flux could be stably measured with sufficient sensitivity at a wider range of temperatures compared with existing SQUID systems. Two frequency components are used in the proposed rf-SQUID magnetometer, one of which is to excite the SQUID sensor and the other is to detect its response. Furthermore, from both the phenomenological analysis and the experimental results it is shown that the present rf-SQUID magnetometer performs its function well even if the value of LIc of the SQUID sensor is much larger than the flux quantum φ0.