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Elsevier eBooks

Photon statistics and entanglement in phonon-assisted quantum light emission from semiconductor quantum dots

Alexander Carmele, M-R. Dachner, Julia Kabuß, Marten Richter, Frank Milde, A. Knorr

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1533/9780857096395.3.253

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We present a microscopic description of the photon statistics and phonon signatures in the quantum light emission from semiconductor quantum dots. Using higher-order Born approximation, time-resolved optical emission and scattering spectra are calculated in the weak coupling regime. In the strong coupling regime, a mathematical induction method is presented to calculate the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon-assisted quantum dot cavity-QED. The phonon interaction at room temperature has a strong impact on the quantum correlation of the cavity field and enhances the non-classicality of the cavity field, initially prepared in a thermal state.
Semiconductor quantum dots are promising sources for polarization-entangled photons. As an alternative to the usual cascaded biexciton-exciton emission, direct two-photon emission from the biexciton can be used. With a high-quality optical resonator tuned to half the biexciton energy, a large proportion of the photons can be steered into the two-photon emission channel. In this case the degree of polarization entanglement is inherently insensitive to the exciton fine-structure splitting. In the present work we analyze the biexciton emission with particular emphasis on the influence of coupling of the quantum-dot cavity system to its environment. Especially for a high-quality cavity, the coupling to the surrounding semiconductor material can open up additional phonon-assisted decay channels. Our analysis demonstrates that with the cavity tuned to half the biexciton energy, the potentially detrimental influence of the phonons on the polarization entanglement is strongly suppressed---high degrees of entanglement can still be achieved. We further discuss spectral properties and statistics of the emitted twin photons.