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Dynamic Properties of the One-Dimensional Kondo Insulators Studied by the Density Matrix Renormalization Group Method

Naokazu Shibata, Tetsuya Mutou, Kazuo Ueda

Published Feb 8, 1999• 0 citations
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Thermodynamic Properties of the One-Dimensional Kondo Insulators Studied by the Density Matrix Renormalization Group Method

Naokazu Shibata, Beat Ammon, Matthias Troyer +2 more

Thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional Kondo lattice model at half-filling are studied by the density matrix renormalization group method applied to the quantum transfer matrix. Spin susceptibility, charge susceptibility, and specific heat are calculated down to T=0.1t for various exchange constants. The obtained results clearly show crossover behavior from the high temperature regime of nearly independent localized spins and conduction electrons to the low temperature regime where the two degrees of freedom couple strongly. The low temperature energy scales of the charge and spin susceptibilities are determined and shown to be equal to the quasiparticle gap and the spin gap, respectively, for weak exchange couplings.

arXiv:cond-mat/9712315•Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•Apr 15, 1998•24 citations
Recent developments in the theoretical investigation of the one-dimensional Kondo lattice model by using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method are discussed in this review. Short summaries are given of the zero-temperature DMRG method, the finite-temperature DMRG method, and also the application of the finite- T DMRG to dynamic quantities. Away from half-filling, the paramagnetic metallic state is shown to be a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with a large Fermi surface. The size of the large Fermi surface is determined by the sum of the densities of the conduction electrons and the localized spins. The correlation exponent of this metallic phase is smaller than 1/2. At half-filling the ground state is insulating. The excitation gaps are different, depending on the channels, the spin gap, the charge gap and the quasiparticle gap. The temperature dependence of the spin and charge susceptibilities and the specific heat are discussed. Particularly interesting is the temperature dependence of various excitation spectra, which indicates unusual properties for the Kondo insulators.
Combination of the finite-temperature density-matrix renormalization group and the maximum entropy presents a new method to calculate dynamic quantities of one-dimensional many-body systems. In the present paper, density of states, local dynamic spin, and charge correlation functions of the one-dimensional Kondo insulator are discussed. Excitation gaps open with decreasing temperature and the gaps take different values depending on channels. The excitation spectra change qualitatively around the characteristic temperature corresponding to the spin gap which is the lowest energy scale of the Kondo insulator.
Thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional Kondo lattice model at half-filling are studied by the density matrix renormalization group method applied to the quantum transfer matrix. Spin susceptibility, charge susceptibility, and specific heat are calculated down to T=0.1t for various exchange constants. The obtained results clearly show crossover behavior from the high temperature regime of nearly independent localized spins and conduction electrons to the low temperature regime where the two degrees of freedom couple strongly. The low temperature energy scales of the charge and spin susceptibilities are determined and shown to be equal to the quasiparticle gap and the spin gap, respectively, for weak exchange couplings.