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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Extensions of the Bose-Hubbard Model for BEC in a Double-Well Potential

D. Ananikian, Thomas H. Bergeman

Published Mar 23, 2005• 0 citations
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We consider a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model (BHM) with on-site double-well potentials and study the effect of nearest-neighbor repulsion and cavity-mediated long-range interactions by calculating the ground-state phase diagrams with quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We show that when the intrawell repulsion is as strong as the on-site repulsion, a dimerized Mott-insulator phase appears at the tip of the dimerized density-wave phase for a density of one particle per double well. Furthermore, we find a dimerized Haldane-insulator phase in the double-well BHM with nearest-neighbor interaction, which is identical to a dimerized BHM with repulsive interactions up to the third neighbor.
We consider a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model (BHM) with on-site double-well potentials and study the effect of nearest-neighbor repulsion and cavity-mediated long-range interactions by calculating the ground-state phase diagrams with quantum Monte-Carlo simulations. We show that when the intra-well repulsion is as strong as the on-site repulsion a dimerized Mott insulator phase appears at the tip of the dimerized Density Wave phase for a density of one particle per double well. Furthermore, we find a dimerized Haldane insulator phase in the double-well BHM with nearest-neighbor interaction, which is identical to a dimerized BHM with repulsive interactions up to the third neighbor.
We study the parity effect of the particle number in the interference fringes of a Bose-Einstein condensate released from a double-well potential. For a coherently splitting condensate in the double-well potential, with a decoupled two-mode Bose-Hubbard model, there is well-known phase diffusion because of interatomic interactions. After a specific holding time of the double-well potential, the phase diffusion will make the interference patterns in the density distribution depend strongly on the parity of the total particle number by further overlapping two condensates. This parity effect originates from the quantized relative phase about the total particle number. The experimental scheme to observe this "even-odd" effect of the particle number is discussed.